38 COMMERCE. 



Bil'. of Entry. — A written account of goods entered at the 

 custom-house, whctlier imported or intended for ex- 

 portation. 



Bill of Exchange. — A written order for payment of money 

 by one person (called the drawer) upon another (termed 

 the drawee). When the drawee has undertaken to pay 

 the bill, which he does by writing his name across it, he 

 is termed the acceptor. 



Bill of Lading. — A memorandum or receipt signed by the mas- 

 ter of a ship, acknowledging tlie shipment of goods, which 

 arc usually made deliverable to tlie consignee or his order. 



Bonded Goods. — Goods for the duties on which bonds are 

 given at the custom-house. 



Bottomry. — The borrowing of money by the master on the 

 bottom or liull of a sliip ; to be paid with interest, if the 

 ship return in safety, but otherwise to be lost or forfeited. 



Bro'kerage. — The fee, reward, or commission given or charged 

 for transacting business as a broker. 



Bullion. — Gold and silver, coined or uncoined, but considered 

 simply as material according to weight. 



Carrying Trade. — That of transporting commodities from one 

 country to another by water. 



Catallac'tics. — The science of exchanges. 



Chamber of Commerce. — A board to protect the interests of 

 commerce, chosen from among the merchants and traders 

 of a city. 



Change. — A place where merchants and others meet to transact 

 business. 



Clear'ance. — A certificate that a ship or vessel has been cleared 

 at the custom-house. 



Clearing. — A method adopted by banks and bankers for mak- 

 ing exchanges and settling balances. 



Clough, or Cloff. — An allowance of two pounds in every hun- 

 dredweight, after tare and tret have been deducted, for the 

 turn of the scale, that the commodity may hold out in 

 retailing. 



Coasting Trade. — The trade which is carried on between the 

 different ports of the same country, or under the same 

 jurisdiction, as distinguished from foreign trade. 



Collateral Security. — Security for the perfoi'mancc of cove- 

 nants or the payment of money, given in addition to the 

 principal .security. 



