58 FORTIFICA TION. 



covered way, having an easy slope or declivity towards the 

 campaign or field. 



Gorge. — The entrance of a bastion, ravelin, or other outwork. 



Horn work. — -A kind of work composed of two half-bastions 

 and curtain, with two long sides divided upon the faces 

 of the bastions or ravelins, so as to be defended from them. 



Lines. — A series of field-works, either continuous or at inter- 

 vals. The former are connected by means of curtains, or 

 long straight walls. The rule in constructing the other is, 

 that the works shall be withiu cannon-shot range of each 

 other. 



Lunette'. — An enveloped counter-guard, or elevation of earth 

 made beyond the second ditch opposite to the places of 

 arms. It is commonly raised in ditches full of water, to 

 serve instead of fausse brays, to dispute the enemy's pas- 

 sage of the ditch. 



Merlon. — The space in the parapet between two embrasures, 

 generally from fifteen to eighteen feet in length. 



Moi'neau. — A small, flat bastion, raised in front of an intended 

 fortification, to defend it against attacks from small arms. 



Oril'lon. — A rounding of earth faced with a wall raised on the 

 shoulder of those bastions that have casemates to cover the 

 cannon in the retired flank, and prevent their being dis- 

 mounted. 



Outworks. — All those works of a fortress which are situated 

 without the principal wall, within or beyond the principal 

 ditch. 



Palisades'. — Stakes driven into the ground, and sharpened at 

 the top, for the purpose of defence against the surprise of 

 an enemy. 



Par'apet. — A wall, rampart, or elevation of earth for covering 

 soldiers from an enemy's shot. 



Pick'ets. — Sharp stakes, sometimes shod with iron, used in 

 laying out ground, or for pinning the fascines of a battery. 



Pos'tern. — A small gate, usually in the angle of the flank of 

 a bastion, or in that of the curtain descending into the 

 ditch. 



Ramp. — An inclined plane or path serving as a communication 

 between difterent levels of works. 



Ram'part.— An elevation or mound of earth round a place, 

 capable of resisting cannon-shot, and formed into bastions, 

 curtains, etc. 



