METALS. 113 



•with scrap-iron, when the iron unites with the sulphur 

 and turns out the antimony. 

 3. Bismuth. — A metal of a yellowish or reddish-white color 

 and crystalline structure. It is somewhat harder than lead, 

 and scarcely, if at all, malleable. It is more commonly 

 found in a native state than any other metal. 



LEAD CLASS. 



1. Lead. — A metal of a dull white color, with a cast of blue. 

 It is the least elastic and sonorous of all the metals, and 

 at the same time is soft and easily fusible. It is found 

 native in small masses, but generally mineralized by sul- 

 phur, and sometimes by other substances. 



2. Thal'Iium. — One of the metals recently discovered by 

 means of the spectrum analysis. It has been found in cer- 

 tain mineral waters, but the largest quantity has been 

 yielded by flue-dust. It has a metallic lustre, with a color 

 near that of tin. 



SILVER CLASS. 



1. Cop'per. — A metal of a pale-red color, tinged with yellow. 

 Next to gold, silver, and platinum, it is the most ductile 

 and malleable of the metals. It is more elastic than any 

 metal except steel, and is the most sonorous of all the metals. 

 It is usually found as an ore, the most common being some 

 form of pyrites, a compound of the sulphurcts of copper and 

 iron. 



2. Mer'cury. — A metal found sometimes native, but chiefly 

 as a sulphuret. It is white, and very brilliant. It forms 

 two oxides. — the black protoxide, and the red peroxide ; 

 two chlorides, — the protochloride, or calome/, and the pcr- 

 chloride, or corrosive suhlunate ; and two sulphurets, — the 

 black protosulphuret, and the bisulphuret, cinnabar ox ver- 

 milion. 



3. Sil'ver. — A precious metal of a brilliant white color, 

 next to gold the most malleable of all metals. It is found 

 native in thin plates or leaves, or in fine threads, or 

 mineralized by various substances. 



GOLD CLASS. 



1. Gold. — A precious metal of a bright yellow color, and the 

 most ductile and malleable of all the metals. It is found 

 10* 



