120 MINING. 



Ad'it. — The horizontal opcninj^ by winch a mine is entered, 



or by which water and orc!^: are carried away ; called also 



drift. 

 At'tal. — Stony cast-off matter. 

 Batch. — A quantity of ore sent to the surface by a couple of 



men. 

 Bind. — Indurated clay or argillaceous slate in coal mines ; called 



also cliinch. 

 Breast. — The face of coal-workings. 

 Bret'tices. — The wooden planks used in supporting the roofs 



of coal mines. 

 Bud'dling. — The process of separating the metalliferous ores 



from the earthy matters with which they are associated, 



by means of an inclined hutch called a huddle, over which 



the water flows. 

 Bunch. — A small quantity of ore in a mine. 

 Bur'row. — A heap or heaps of rubbish, or earth, void of ore. 



raised out of a mine, and commonly lying around the 



shafts. 

 Caus'alty. — The lighter, earthy parts of ore carried off by 



washing. 

 Cham'ber. — A place, generally of a cubical form, where the 



powder is confined. 

 Cledge. — The upper stratum of fuller's earth. 

 Cock-water. — A stream of water brought into a trough to 



wash away sand from ores. 

 Coe. — A little lodgment made by miners under ground as they 



work lower and lower. 

 Colliery. — A place where coals are dug ; a coal mine. 

 Cos'teaning'. — The process by which miners seek to discover 



metallic lodes. 

 Creep. — A heaving up of the floor of a mine, occasioned by 



the weight of the strata on either side, and so called because 



it takes place very gradually. 

 Day '-coal. — The upper stratum of coal in a mine. 

 Driftway. — A passage cut between shaft and shaft, or between 



turn and turn. 

 Druse. — A cavity in a rock, having its interior surface studded 



with crystals or filled with water. 

 Fang. — A niche cut in the side of an adit or .shaft, to serve as 



an air-cour.se. 

 Fire-damp. — An explosive carburetted hydrogen of coal mines. 



