VERTEBRATA. 



Vertebrated Animals. 



No. 11. 



CASTOR FIBER. 



THE CASTOR BEAVER. 



Castoreum. 



The animal substance. A medicinal agent. 



Castor. 



Geog. Position. North America, Europe. 

 Quality. Bitter, nauseous. 



Power. Stimulant, antispasmodic, emmenagogue. 

 Use. Hysteria, epilepsy, amenorrhoea, chlorosis. 



SCIENTIFIC ANALYSIS. 



Natural Classification. 

 5. DIVISION Vertebrata. CLASS Mammalia. 



Ballard and Garrod, Mat. Med. 446. Syst. Nat. Gmelin, I. 124. Pereira, Mat. 

 Med. II. 825. Thomson, Mat. Med. 512," 1038. Lond. Disp. 247. U. S. Disp. 

 195. Wyatt, Nat. Hist. 45. EC. Disp. U. S. 111. 



GENUS CASTOR. 



Castoreum (Fr.), Kastoreunt, das Bibergeil (Ger.), Castoro (It.), Castoreo (Sp.), 

 Bevergeil (Dutch), Bafvergall (Swed.), Stroy Bobrowy (Pol.), Ash batchegan 

 (Ara.), Goond beyduster (Pers.). 



THE ESSENTIAL CHARACTERS. 



Teeth, two large incisors in each jaw, increasing during life, 

 and of prismatic form, separated from the molars by a 

 vacant space, the enamel concentrated to the front. Ca- 

 nines none. Molars with flat crowns or blunt tubercles, 

 whose enamelled eminences are always transverse. 



Under jaw articulated by a longitudinal condyle, so as to 

 have no horizontal movement, except from behind forwards, 

 and vice versa, as is suitable for the action of gnawing. 



Extremities, the posterior longest, terminated by unguiculated 

 toes, the number varying according to the species. 



Mammce variable in number. 



Stomach empty, simple, or little divided. 



Intestines very large. 



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