YERTEBHATA. 



Vertebrated Animals. 



No. 16. 

 CERVUS ELAPHUS. 



THE STAG. 



The animal substance. Hartshorn. A medicinal agent. 



Geog-. Position. Europe, northern parts of Asia and 



America. 



Quality. Inodorous, insipid. 

 Power. Nutritive, emollient, demulcent. 

 Use. A light and nutritious article of diet for the sick and 



convalescent, but this renders it useless as a medicine. 



SCIENTIFIC ANALYSIS. 



Natural Classification. 

 1. DIVISION Vertebrata. CLASS Mammalia. 



Ballard and Garrod, Mat. Med. 449. Syst. Nat. Gmelin. 175. Pereira, Mat. 

 Med. II. 818. Thomson, Mat. Med. *70, 1172. Lond. Disp. 259. U. S. Disp. 

 284. Wyatt, Nat. Hist. 52. 



GENUS CERVUS. 



Corne de cerf (F.), Hirschorn (Ger.), Corno di cervo (It.), Cuerno de ciervo 

 (Sp.), Hertshoorn (Dutch), Hjorthorn (Swed.), Corne de veado (Port.). 



THE ESSENTIAL CHARACTERS. 



Incisors none in the upper jaw, in the lower usually eight. 

 A vacant space between the incisors and molars, but in 

 which in some genera are found one or two canines. Mo- 

 lars twelve in each jaw, the crown marked with two double 

 crescents of enamel, of which the convexity is universally 

 outwards in the lower jaw, and inwards in the upper. 



Clavicles none. Extremities disposed for walking. Two 

 toes furnished with hoofs, metacarpal and metatarsal bones 

 united. 



Stomachs four, the first and largest called the paunch, the sec- 

 ond the bonnet, the third the leaflet, the fourth tlie rennet. 

 Intestines long. 



Mammce two or four, inguinal. 



Horns in the male and frequently in the female of most species. 



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