92 



It appears to have occupied originallj, the lower and more fertile 

 portions of the country, while the hilly or mountainous districts 

 •were possessed by a smaller race, better fitted for scanty fare and 

 exposure. The Long-horn cows of both England and Ireland, 

 have always had the reputation of being good milkers, except the 

 variety originated by Bake well, in which the fattening propensity 

 was cultivated without regard to milk. They are of rather large 

 size, rankitig next to the tShort-horns in bulk of frame, but do not 

 generally fatten to as great Aveights as the Ilerefords. They are 

 not as extensively kept in England and Ireland as formerly, 

 having given way, in the beef-making districts, to breeds of earlier 

 maturity ; but in some of the dairy districts — especially where 

 cheese is the product — they are still retained and highly esteemed, 

 their advocates contending that no breed can surpass them for 

 tliis object. At the Show of the Royal Agricultural Society at 

 "WarAvick, in Jvily last, I saw several very fine specimens of this 

 breed. They were generally well shaped, excellent handlers, 

 with indications of being good malkers. This remark would also 

 apply to specimens of the breed seen on various farms in England. 

 They are very hardy, for so large a breed, and make up in lon- 

 gevity what they lack in early maturit3\ 



The Long-horns have formerly been introduced into different 

 sections of tliis country, but not in large numbers, and there are 

 few instances where the breed has been kept pure. The blood 

 Avas diffused to some extent in the best grazing portions of Ken- 

 tucky and Ohio, and the cattle of those sections, although the 

 Short-horn blood generally predominates, still often shoAV, by the 

 fineness of the shoulder and rising neck, the effect of the Long- 

 horn cross. In Maine, the first cause in the production of the 

 large and strong oxen for Avhich some parts of that State have 

 been noted, was a cross with Long-horn bulls introduced by Mr. 

 Vaughan, nearly seventy years ago ; and in Massachusetts, the 

 same stock obtained considerable notoriety through an animal 

 presented by Mr. Vaughan to Gov. Gore, his descendants being 

 called " the Gore breed." 



The Suffolk Breed is Avithout horns. It was formerly some- 

 what noted for dairy properties, but is not extensively kept at the 

 present time. It is not absolutely knoAA'n that any of this breed 

 have ever been imported into this part of the country ; but the 

 polled or hornless cattle, which Avere formerly quite common here, 

 bear more resemblance to the Suffblks than to any other breed. 

 They certainly have no claim to the title of GalloAvay, which is 

 sometimes applied to them, being different in color (the GalloAvays 

 are almost invariably black), shape, and characteristics. Near 

 the close of the last century, Joseph Russell, Esq. of Boston, im- 

 ported from England several hornless cattle, Avhich the late Col. 



