Sl'STEMS OF CLASS/FIC.iriU.X. 



TWENTY- SIX ORDERS. 



The foregoing twenty-four Classes were subdivided into twenty-six Orders, accord- 

 ing to the number of pistils or distinct stigmata, as far as the twelfth order, inclusive; 

 and above that the differences were founded on other peculiarities. It is not to be unikr- 

 stood that each Class had twenty-six subdivisions known as Orders, but that this distribu- 

 tion formed a basis for thus distinguishing as many Orders as might be found bj- actual 

 observation. The Class twelve or thirteen, for instance, might be comprehensive enough 

 to give scope for the elaborate subdivision into twenty-six Orders, while most others 

 would seldoiii reach beyond five, and many might lia\e only one, two or three. The 



Monogjnia, with one pistil. 



Digvnia, with two pistils. 



Trigynia, with three pistils. 



Tetragynia, w^ilh four pistils. 



Pentagynia, with five pistils. 



He.\agynia, with six pistils. 



Heptagynia, with seven pistils. 



Octogynia, with eight pistils. 



Enneagynia, with nine pistils. 



Decagynia, with ten pistils. 



Dodecagynia, with twelve pistils. 



Polygynia, with many pistils. 



Gymnospermia, with naked seeds. 



Angiospermia, with covered seeds. 



Siliquosa, with seeds in siliques, or long pods, 



Siliculosa, with seeds in silicles, or short pods 



Monogamia, having some florets with stamens 

 and others with pistils. 



Polygamia equalis, all florets having stamens 

 and pistils. 



Polygamia segregata, eacli floret having a sepa- 

 rate calyx. 



Moncecia, having stamens and pistils on sepa- 



; plant, 

 and pistils on 



rate flowers of the s 

 DioEcia, having stam 



plants. 

 Trioecia, having stamens and jiistils on three 



plants. 

 Filices, Ferns. 

 Musci, Mosses. 

 Hepaticae, Liverworts. 

 Alga; and Fungi, Seaweeds, Lichens, Funguses. 



J<rj^TTJItJLL ORnERS OJT LIKNJEVS. 



No one was more sensible of the need of a natural classification of plants than the 

 distinguished author of this artificial system, who declared that a method of classification, 

 based on the true intrinsic differences of plants, was " the first and last desideratum in 

 botany;" and he accordingly busied himself in arranging such a method, leaving as his 

 contribution in that direction the following fifty-eight families: 



1. Palma; — Palms. 



2. PiperitiE — Arums. 



3. Calamari;E — Sedges. 



4. Gramineie — Grasses. 



5. Tripetaloide^ — Rushes. 



6. Ensatae — Sword-leaved, as the Iris. 



7. Orchidere — Orchids. 



S. Scitamineae — Dainty plants, as the Banana. 



9. Spathacere — Sheathed, as the Narcissus, 



10. Coronariaf — Crown-bearing, as the Lily Family 



Sarmentace^ — Runner-bearing, as the Straw- 

 berry. 



Moloracea; — Whole-rooted, as the Goosefoot. 



Succulentse — Succulent, as the Purslane. 



Gruinales — Crane-bill, as the Geranium. 



Inundatse — Pond-weeds, as the Potomageton. 



Calyciflora-— Where the calyx-tube enclo-ses 

 the ovary, as the Oleaster. 



Calvcanthem^ — With the stamens inserted in 

 the throat of the calyx, as the Melastomas. 



^^ 



