Formation and General Features of Ttuwenzori. 



of bamboos, with brambles, orchids and ferns, in whose shade 

 grow violets, ranunculi, yenuiium, epilobium, tliistles, and 

 umbelliferous plants. 



Towards 11,500 feet a certain number of the aromatic 

 plants, which had formed a large part of the underwood, cease, 

 and among the trees only the heaths, lobelias, and senecios 

 remain, while the ferns become prominent, and the lycopodium, 

 mosses, and lichens develop to an inordinate degree. This 

 development reaches its maximum at about 12,500 feet, a little 

 before the point where the heaths stop altogether, beyond 

 which remain only senecios, lobelia, reeds, mosses, and lichens. 



Here the helichrysum, or everlasting flower, which had 

 already been noticed at about 11,500 feet, forms dense thickets, 

 which reach up to the glaciers together with the senecios, and 

 is the last form of shrubby vegetation. Among the numerous 

 specimens of helichrysum and senecio brought home by the 

 expedition, there were several new species. Mention should be 

 made hei'e of a fine and rare tree found at Bujongolo, belonging 

 to the family Ericaceae, and the genus Philippia. 



On the peaks are seen mosses, lichens, a few rare graminacese 

 and a few dwarf phanerogams which remind one of the 

 characteristic vegetation of our own Alps. At and above 

 16,000 feet the rocks are bare. 



The expedition had not proposed to itself the task of 

 making special and minute researches regarding tlie fauna of 

 the region. So far, however, as was possible, in spite of the 

 rapidity of the marches and tlie unfavourable circumstances, as 

 many animal specimens as possible were collected, and to these 

 were added large collections made for the expedition by the 

 Catholic missionaries. 



As they ascended the Mobuku Valley the faiuia became less 



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