CLASSIFICATION 41 



same order, but ranked them as subfamilies. The new tribe of 

 Targioni Tozzetti was not recognized and the species that had been 

 referred to this tribe were considered as belonging to one of the 

 other sections or subfamilies. The Orthezites of Targioni Tozzetti 

 were included among the Coccinae of Signoret and Comstock. 



W. M. Maskell between the years 1879 and 1897 published 

 many papers dealing with the Coccidae. In "An account of New 

 Zealand scale insects" this author divides the family into four 

 groups, Diaspidinae, Lecanidinae, Hemicoccidinae, and Coccidinae. 

 The first two of these groups are the same as the Diaspinae and 

 Lecaninae of Comstock and the second and third represent the 

 Coccinae of this author and Signoret. The Brachyscelinae of 

 Signoret, the Apiomorphinae of this work, which is peculiar to 

 Australia, was omitted. The group Lecanidinae was subdivided 

 by Maskell into three groups : Lecanodiaspidae which is the same 

 as the Lecanodiaspidites of Targioni Tozzetti, Lecanidae, and 

 Lecano-coccidae ; the Hemicoccidinae into two groups: Kermetidae 

 and Cryptokermetidae ; the Coccidinae into five groups: Acantho- 

 coccidae, Dactylopidae, Coccidae, Monophlebidae, and Porphyro- 

 phoridae. These names although terminating with the usual 

 suffixes applied to subfamilies and families are specifically desig- 

 nated as groups and subdivisions. If all the groups and 

 subdivisions of this classification are taken into account, this would 

 make eleven divisions of the family Coccidae. In a list of New 

 Zealand species published by the same author in 1895, a similar 

 arrangement is followed. There are six subfamilies recognized : 

 Diaspidinae, Lecaninae, Hemicoccinae, Coccinae, Monophlebinae. 

 and Brachyscelinae. The Lecaninae is subdivided into three 

 sections as in the first classification; the Cryptokermetidae of the 

 Hemicoccinae is omitted; the Monophlebinae of the Coccinae is 

 raised to the rank of a subfamily and the Porphyrophoridae, the 

 Margarodinae of later writers, which does not occur in the 

 Australian region, is omitted ; and the Brachyscelinae omitted from 

 the previous list is recognized as a subfamily. 



Cockerell, '96, in a "Check-list of the Coccidae" recognized 

 ten subfamilies arranged as follows in an ascending order: Mono- 

 phlebinae, Porphyrophorinae, Coccinae, Hemicoccinae, Ortheziinae, 

 Asterolecaniinae, Brachyscelinae, Idiococcinae, Lecaniinae and 

 Diaspinae. The very different order in which the subfamilies are 

 arranged, also the appearance of the Orthezites of Targioni Tozzetti 

 again but as a subfamily and the substitution of the name 



