CLASSIFICATION 61 



ing; rostrum consisting of two segments 



KERMESIINAE. 



ff. Body of adult female always flask-shaped or peg-top- 

 shaped; abdomen with sides either strongly convergent 

 caudad, narrower and longer than thorax or thorax 

 globular in outline and abdomen minute plug-like pro- 

 tuberance; thorax with prothoracic and mesothoracic 

 legs shorter than metathoracic legs and nearer together; 

 species gall inhabiting; antennae consisting of three to 



five segments or wanting; males with ocellanae 



APIOMORPHINAE. 



ee. Female nymph of at least one stage and usually also adult 

 female provided with octacerores; body often provided 

 with dorsal cribiform plates but never with ventral crib- 

 iform plates; antennae consisting of four to six segments 

 or tuberculate; rostrum consisting of single segment 



ASTEROLECANIINAE. 



dd. Body of adult female always with mouth-parts at one end 

 and three tubular projections at other, one projection bearing 

 anus and other two mesothoracic spiracles, usually with 

 associated spine-like projection; always enclosed in resinous 

 cell with three adjacent openings; each mass of wax con- 

 taining one to many individuals; mesothoracic spiracles 

 always associated with stigmatic processes located near anus; 

 legs and antennae wanting; rostrum consisting of two seg- 

 ments. TACHARDIINAE. 



cc. Abdomen of adult female always longitudinally cleft at caudal 

 end with pair of opercula at cephalic end of cleft; sides of 

 cleft rarely fused with loss of line of fusion; cuticle rarely 

 provided with octacerores, if so, never provided with dorsal 

 or ventral cribiform plates; antennae consisting typically of 

 seven to eight segments, sometimes greatly reduced or want- 

 ing; rostrum consisting of single segment LECANIINAE. 



bb. Legs always present and body always covered with leaf-like 

 scale without exuviae; tibio-tarsal sutures always obsolete; abdo- 

 men provided with cerores but never with ceratubae; antennae 

 consisting of three segments; rostrum consisting of two segments. 



CONCHASPINAE. 



aa. Abdomen of adult female with segments divided into two groups, 

 cephalic series of four flexible movable segments forming preabdomen 

 and caudal series of fused inflexible segments forming pygidium; 

 dorsal aspect of abdomen without cerores and always with ceratubae; 

 ventral aspect sometimes provided with genacerores; body always 

 covered with leaf-like scale containing one or two exuviae; legs 

 wanting, antennae tuberculate; rostrum consisting of single seg- 

 ment. _ DlASPIDINAE. 



