22 ; \MI:I i i' I;M.\. [Aphodius. 



In dun?, Ac.; local and, ns a rule, rare; Belvedere (T. Wood) ; Ventnor, Isle of Wight ; 

 Devon; Bath, common in early spring (Qillo) ; Cheshire; Tintwistle, Yorkshire 

 (Chapjiell) ; Northumberland and Durham district, Wellington (Power) and near 

 Hartley; Scotland, very local, Tay district, recorded by Dr. Sharp as common in 

 ox-dung at Raunoch in the first week of May, 1866. 



This species very closely resembles A. granarius, but may bo at once 

 known by the much thicker punctuation of the thorax. 



A. grranariuB, L. (concolor, Muls. ; retusus, Waltl.). Oblong, 

 moderately convex, black, very shining ; head thickly and rugosely 

 punctured, antennae brownish-yellow with blackish club ; thorax with 

 very diffuse and scattered large punctures which are more numerous in 

 smaller examples, the spaces between exceedingly finely punctured, 

 almost smooth ; scutellum rather large, almost irnpunctate, or with only 

 a few punctures ; elytra with rather fine crenate striae, black with the 

 outer margins and apex more or less obscurely reddish-brown ; legs 

 lighter or darker reddish-brown with the tarsi ferruginous. L. 3-5 mm. 



Male with the frontal tubercles more distinct than in female, and the 

 clypeus furnished with a transverse raised line. 



In dung, vegetable refuse, &c. ; very common in the London district, and through- 

 out Kent and Surrey, and widely distributed along the South Coast of England ; 

 rarer in the Midlands and further north ; Northumberland and Durham district, 

 Meldon, South Shields, &c., rare; not recorded Irom Scotland ; Ireland, near Belfast. 



A. nitidulus, F. Elongate, almost cylindrical, shining; head 

 reddish with vertex dark, finely punctured, antennae reddish-testaceous ; 

 thorax fuscous with sides more or less broadly red, finely and unevenly 

 punctured ; scutellum moderate, punctured at base ; elytra long, tes- 

 taceous or reddish-testaceous, with the suture very narrowly brown, 

 with rather fine crenate striae, the interstices being flat and exceedingly 

 finely punctured, almost smooth ; legs reddish-brown or brownish-yellow. 

 L. 4-5 mm. 



Male with the central frontal tubercle more distinct and with the 

 thorax as broad as the elytra and very finely punctured, whereas in the 

 female the thorax is narrower than the elytra and more strongly 

 punctured. 



In dung ; local ; London district, rather common, Darenth Wood, Ashtead, Plum- 

 stead, Mickleliam ; Lough t on ; Southend ; Deal; Sandwich; Eastbourne; Wey- 

 mouth ; Devon ; Swansea ; Hunstanton ; Harwich ; Cleethorpes ; Liverpool ; it 

 usually occurs near the coast, and is not found in any of the midland counties, in 

 the north of England, or iu Scotland. 



A. Bordidua, F. Oblong, moderately convex, shining ; head 

 reddish with vertex darker, antennae and palpi yellow ; thorax dark with 

 side margins broadly, and anterior and posterior margins narrowly, 

 reddish, exceedingly finely punctured, with difl'use large punctures at 

 sides ; scutellura brown, punctured at base ; elytra long, with moderate 

 finely crenate striae, of a dirty-testaceous colour with a spot at each 



