222 LOXQIOORNIA. 



HYLOTRUPES, Scrvillo. 



This genus contains two species, one of which is widely distributed 

 and occurs both in Europe and North America, and the other has been 

 described from Australia. H. Kozicrowiczi, which has been considered a 

 separate species, appears to be now regarded as a variety of the male of 

 H. bajulus ; the larva of the latter insect is found in dead pine and fir, 

 and much resembles that of CalHdium varidbile, except that the ocelli 

 are smaller and are three, instead of two, in number ; it sometimes does 

 considerable damage to posts and rails. 



H. ba.julus, L. Oblong, with the elytra much depressed, black, 

 rather shiny, elytra often pitchy black or testaceous ; head much 

 narrower than thorax, rugosely punctured, antennas short, obscurely 

 ferruginous ; thorax transverse, villose, with sides strongly rounded, 

 closely punctured, with a smooth central line or space, on each side of 

 which is a large and shining smooth tubercle ; elytra rugose, especially 

 on posterior half, with an interrupted band of thick white pubescence 

 before middle often forming four distinct patches ; under-side villose ; 

 legs moderate, black, more or less pitchy. L. 14-20 mm. 



In the male the thorax is less transverse than in the female, and has 

 the central portion more strongly punctured ; the fifth abdominal seg- 

 ment, moreover, is truucate or slightly emarginate in the male and pro- 

 duced in the female. 



In old posts, rails, &c. ; rare ; Forest Hill (Marsh) ; Weybridge (Power) ; Belre- 

 dere (T. Wood) ; Hammersmith, in orchard trees (S. Stevens) ; Eppine; Hertford ; 

 Suffolk ; Deal ; I have specimens in my collection taken by Lady Maryon Wilson 

 about the year 1795 ; this lady appears to have been one of the first of our British 

 collectors. 



CAXiXiXDXUlff, Fabricius. 



This is a large and important genus, containing about ninety species, 

 which are widely distributed ; they appear, however, to be chiefly 

 confined to the Northern Hemisphere, although species have been 

 described from Brazil and the Australian region ; fourteen are found in 

 Europe, of which four occur in Britain ; they are very different in size 

 and general appearance. 



The larva of C. variabile is described by Schiddte (Pars 5x. p. 416) ; it is clothed 

 all over with rather thick and short pubescence ; the head is twice as bro:id as long 1 , 

 with two ocelli on each side, which arc rather large, and comparatively long antennae; 

 the prothorax is about half as broad again as the eighth abdominal segment ; the 

 abdomen is furnished with scansorial tubercles ; the legs are very short ; this larva 

 inhabits dead oak ; that of C. violaceum sometimes dons considerable damage to fir 

 timber; before changing into a pupa it bores into the solid wood to a depth of several 

 inches. 



The British species may be distinguished as follows ; one of them, 

 C. sanguineum, is doubtfully indigenous. 



