262 CLAVICORNIA. [TpS. 



black ; each elytron with two orange-red spots, the one at base irregular, 

 the other behind middle simple, round or nearly round ; punctuation 

 diffuse, closer on thorax than on elytra ; elytra with traces of striae ; 

 apex of elytra rounded in males, produced at suture in females ; antennse 

 pitchy, club darker, narrower than in the preceding species and not quite 

 so compact; legs pitch-black, with tarsi lighter; size very variable. 

 L. 3-6^ mm. 



Under bark and at sap of firs and other trees ; common in Scotland under bark of 

 Scotch fir both Lowlands and Highlands, Solway, Clyde, Tweed, Tay, Dee, and 

 Monty districts, and probably general. Northumberland district, not rare ; it is 

 apparently very rare further south, but has been recorded, perhaps in some cases iu 

 error, from Leicester, Hertford, Windsor, Dover, Hastings, Devon, &c. 



PIT3TOPHACUS, Shuckard. 



This genus has been separated from Ips on the ground that the 

 anterior coxal cavities are narrowly closed behind and not open ; it also 

 (lifters in its narrow cylindrical form ; three European species are con- 

 tained in the genus, of which one is found in Britain. 



The larva of P .ferrugineus is described and figured by Ferris, Ann. Pr., 1853, 

 p. 596, pi. 18, fig. 77 83 ; it is 8-9 mm. in length, linear and rather depressed, 

 with the head rather large, almost subquadrate, nearly as broad as thorax ; the pre- 

 vailing colour is whitish with the thorax sometimes reddish, and the last abdominal 

 segment is ferruginous; the abdomen terminates in two short corneous cerci and a 

 very small anal appendage : this larva is parasitic on Hylesinus, Hylastes, and 

 Hyldbms ; the perfect insect lays its eggs in the borings made by these beetles, and 

 the larva when hatched apparently feeds upon the larvae of its hosts ; the pupa is 

 white, with a few hairs on vertex, and sides of thorax and abdomen. 



P. ferrug-ineus, F. Elongate, convex, cylindrical, as a rule entirely 

 ferruginous, with head darker, but occasionally the apex of elytra is 

 dark ; head very thickly and rather strongly punctured ; thorax longer 

 than broad, very slightly narrowed behind, thickly and strongly 

 punctured; elytra moderately thickly punctured, more closely at 

 apex, with punctures almost arranged in rows ; apices truncate, with 

 outer angles rounded ; legs rather stout, with tibise dilated towards apex. 

 L. 4-5 mm. 



Under bark and at sap of freshly cut firs ; very local ; Shirley, Esher, Weybridge, 

 Woking; New Forest; Bournemouth, plentiful (Kemp-Welch); Northumberland 

 atid Durham district, common ; Scotland, under bark of Scotch fir, not uncommon, 

 Solway, Tweed, Tay, Dee, and Moray districts; it most probably occurs in many in- 

 tervening districts, but 1 know of no Midland records for the species. 



RHIZOPHAGINA. 



The position of this tribe is one of considerable difficulty, and it is 

 almost certain that it will eventually have to be raised to the position of 

 a family ; perhaps a further study of the exotic allied genera and 

 species (of which several yet remain undescribed) is necessary be/ore Uiis 



