Att'-labina.] RHYNCHOPHORA. 117 



much multiplied by one or two authors ; the most important of these 

 are Apoderm and Attelabus, which are represented in Europe by two 

 and four species respectively, and in Britain by single species ; they 

 differ from the Rhynchitina by having the tarsal claws connate and 

 thickened at base, and by the formation of the mandibles and the in- 

 termediate coxae; their life history is much the same as that of the 

 Rhynchitina; the females lay their eggs sometimes under the epidermis 

 of the leaves, and sometimes simply on the leaves, attaching them to 

 their surface by a viscous substance, and then roll the leaves over them 

 into cases, inside which the larvae feed, the shape of the cases varying 

 with the species, as in Rhynchites ; in all cases the final transformations 

 appear to take place underground. 



I. Head oval, strongly constricted behind ; second joint of 

 antennae very short, about a third the length of the first ; 

 intermediate coxae broadly distant APODKRUS, 01, 



(Attelabus, Bedel.) 



II. Head subquadrate, not constricted behind ; second joint 

 of antennae not much shorter than first j intermediate corae 



only slightly distant AiTBLABtrs, L. 



(Ct/plius, Bedel.) 



APODERUS, Olivier (Attelabus, Bedel). 



This genus contains about a hundred species, which are widely dis- 

 tributed in the Old TVorld : the majority occur in Eastern Asia and 

 the adjacent islands, but they range from Kamtschatka to Ceylon and 

 Madagascar and the Cape of Good Hope, and representatives occur in 

 Sumatra, Bornro, <fcc. : outside of the tropics the species become less 

 numerous, and Europe possesses no peculiar species ; they are easily 

 distinguished by the curious form of the head ; in the males the head 

 is evidently narrower and more contracted behind than in the females 

 and less oval, and the anterior tibiae are more slender and less enlarged 

 at apex: in the females, moreover, the anterior tibiae are furnished with 

 a second terminal claw; Thomson (Skand. Col. vii 27) says, "Mas. : 

 tibiis apice intus unco armatis ; Femina : tibiis unco millo " : as, how- 

 ever, I have taken the sexes together, I can confirm M. Bedel's state- 

 ment (1. c. p. 22) : the females have two distinct terminal claws to the 

 anterior tibiae and the male one large one. Bedel remarks that the 

 Swedish authors, usually so exact and accurate, have all through the 

 Attelabidae assigned the male characters to the females, and vice versa : 

 although this does not seem to be always the case, yet it must be borne 

 in mind by all students who are working the group with the help of 

 Thomson's " Skandinaviens Coleoptera." 



A. coryli,L. (arellante, Steph.). Black, almost glabrous, thorax and 

 elytra, and more or less of femora, except base and apex, bright red ; 

 head variable in the sexes as above stated, long, channelled, constricted 

 into a neck behind, which is closely and distinctly punctured ; thorax 



