Balaninu*.'] BHTKCHOPHORA. 387 



slender ; thorax with sides slightly rounded and not strongly narrowed 

 in front, closely and comparatively coarsely punctured ; elytra broader 

 than thorax, with distinct striae and flat granulose interstices ; all the 

 femora armed with a small, but sharp and distinct, tooth. L. 2i mm. 



Male with the antennae inserted in the middle of rostrum and the 

 tibiae, especially the anterior pair, armed with a large curved hook. 



Female with the antennae inserted behind the middle of the rostrum, 

 which is longer. 



On willows ; the larva has been observed by Ferris in galls formed by a species of 

 Nematus on the osier, Salix vitdlina ; common aud generally distributed through- 

 out the kingdom, and often very abundant. 



B. pyrrhoceras, Marsh. Yery like the preceding, but rather 

 smaller and easily distinguished by having the metasternum simply 

 pubescent or very sparingly squamose, and also by the fact that the 

 antennae are red with a dark club, and that the front part of the rostrum 

 is red in the male ; the teeth of the femora are smaller, and the thorax 

 is a little more strongly punctured, and the interstices of the elytra are 

 narrower ; the fifth ventral segment of the abdomen is broadly foveolate 

 in the middle in the male, and the femoral teeth of the female are rather 

 sharper than in the other sex. L. 2-2 1 mm. 



On oak, willows, hazels, Ac. ; less common than the preceding, but widely distri- 

 buted from the Midlands southwards ; not recorded, however, from any district north 

 of the Midland counties, as far as I have been able to discover. 



CALANDRINA. 



This tribe contains several genera of which by far the most impor- 

 tant are Sphenophorus and Calandra; these are the only two genera 

 that are represented in Europe and neither of them can be regarded as 

 really indigenous, although C. granaria has to a great extent become 

 naturalized; the members of the tribe are chiefly found in tropical 

 climates ; some of them are very large ; the larvae are fleshy grubs 

 which bore grain, rice, sugar-cane, the pith of the palm, &c. ; that of 

 Calandra palmarum is two inches long and is considered a great 

 delicacy, when cooked, by the natives of the country where it occurs; 

 it is, perhaps, the Cossus of the ancients ; the following are the chief 

 characteristics of the tribe, which by some authors is included under the 

 Cossonidae as a separate family ; form oblong or oblong-ovate, usually 

 glabrous ; antennae geniculate, inserted near base of rostrum, with the 

 first joint of the club glabrous and shining ; rostrum moderately long ; 

 thorax often very large, fitting closely to base of elytra ; all the coxae 

 globose and more or less distant ; anterior tibiae with a ridge on their 

 posterior surface; scutellum small ; elytra with punctured striae, with a 

 very narrow membranous border at apex, pygidium not quite covered; 

 prosternum broad before the anterior coxae, situated on the same plane as 

 the mesosternum ; tarsi, as in the Cos.?onina, with the last joint elongate, 



c c 2 



