FRUIT. 



77 



207. Symmetrical flowers. 208. Unsymmetrical flowers. 209. Regular flowers. 210. Irregular 

 flowers. 



211. Flowers with the parts distinct. 212. With their parts grown together. 213. Monopetalous 

 corolla, &c.: its varieties in form. 214. Stamens united; syngenesious, monadelphous, diadelphous, 

 triadelphous, and polyadelphous. 215. Pistils united into a Compound Pistil: illustrations. 216. Those 

 with two or more cells and placentas in the centre ; of one cell with placentas parietal or on the walls. 



217. Flowers with one set of organs united with another; as petals and stamens with the calyx; the 

 tube or cup of the calyx with the ovary; stamens with the corolla; or with the style. 



218. Gymnospermous or Naked-seeded Pistil of Pines, &c. 219. Division of plants on this account. 



Section IV. — Fruit and Seed. 



^^j^i 



§ 1. Seed- Vessels. 



220. After the flower comes the Fruit. The ovary of the flower becomes the 

 Seed-vessel (or Pericarp) in the fruit. The ovules are now seeds. 



221. A Simple Fruit is a seed-vessel formed bj the ripening of one pistil (with 

 whatever may have grown fast to it in the flower, such as 

 the tube of the calyx in many cases, 217). Simple fruits 

 may be most conveniently classified into Fleshy Fruits, 

 Stone Fruits, and Diy Fruits. 



222. The principal sorts of fleshy fruits are the Berry, 

 the Pepo, and the Pome. 



223. A Berry is fleshy or pulpy throughout. Grapes, 



tomatoes, gooseberries, currants, 

 and cranberries are good ex- 

 amples. (Fig. 198 shoAvs a 

 cranberry cut in two.) Oi'anges 

 and lemons are only a kind of 

 berry with a thicker and leath- 

 ery rind. 



224. Tile Pepo or Gourd Fruit 



(such as a squash, melon, cu- 

 cumber 



berry Avith a harder rind. 

 "'■ ^'^''' 225. A Pome or Apple-Fruit is the well-known fruit of 



the Apple, Pear, Quince, and Hawthorn. It comes from a compound pistil with 

 a coherent calyx-tube (that is, from such a flower as Fig. 194), and this calyx, 



198. Berry. 



and bottle-gourd, Fig. 199) is only a sort of 



