POPULAR FLORA. 177 



* * Flowers in a terminal loose raceme. 



6. Thyme-leaved S. Smooth and small, 2' to 4' high from a creeping base; leaves ovate or oblong, 



the lowest petioled and I'ounded. Fields, everywhere. I". svrpylUfdlia. 



* * * Flowers in the axils of the upper leaves. Eoot annual. 



7. Purslane S. or Neckweed. Smooth, branching, erect; lower leaves oval or oblong, toothed, 



and petioled ; uppermost oblong-linear, sessile, and entire. Cult, grounds, &c. V. ptregrma. 



8. CoKN S. Hairy; lower leaves ovate, crenate, petioled; the upper sessile, lance-shaped, and entire. 



Cultivated grounds. V. arveusis. 



Toadflax. Linaria. 



1. Common T. (Butter-and-Eggs, Kajisteu). Stems branching, crowded with the pale linear 



leaves; flowers crowded in a close raceme, large and showy, pale yellow with the palate orange- 

 colored. A weed in fields and road-sides. L. vulyaris. 



2. Wild T. Stem very slender, simple, with scattered linear leaves; prostrate shoots at the bottom 



with broader leaves ; flowers very small, blue, in a slender raceme. Sandy soil. L. Canadensis. 



Gerardia. Genirdia. 



Plants with large and showy somewhat leafy-racemed flowers ; the corolla a little irregular, but hardly 

 2-lipped. Stamens woolly or hairy; the 4 anthers approaching in pairs. Fl. late summer and autumn. 



* Corolla rose-purple : calyx bell-shaped, with 5 short teeth : plants low and bushy-branched. 



1. Purple G. Leaves linear, rough-margined; flowers 1' long, short-stalked. G. purpurea. 



2. Slender G. Leaves linear; flower about V long, on a long and slender stalk. G. ttnuifolia. 



* * Corolla yellow, with a rather long tube, woolly inside: calyx 5-cleft, leaf-like. 



3. Downy G. Stem (3° or 4° high) and oblong or lance-shaped leaves clothed with a fine close down, 



upper leaves entire, lower ones sinuate or pinnatifid. Woods. G. flava. 



4. Smooth G. Smooth throughout and glaucous, 3° to 6° high; lower leaves twice pinnatifid, upper 



once pinnatifid or entire. Rich woods. G. quercifdlia. 



5. CuT-LEAVED G. Rather downy, busliy-branchcd, 2° or 3° high, very leafy ; leaves pinnatifid, the 



croTj^yiid divisions cut and toothed. G. pediculdria. 



62. VERVAIN" FAMILY. Order VERBENACE^. 



Herbs or shrubby plants, with opposite leaves, a 2-lipped or unequally 5- (or rarely 4-) 

 lobed corolla, and 4 stamens in pairs (i. e. 2 long and 2 short ones) : the pistil with a single 

 ovary and only one seed in each cell ; the fruit either berry-like with 4 stones, or dry and 

 splitting into 2 or 4 akenes, or in Lopseed consisting of a single akene. This family is in- 

 termediate between the foregoing order and the next. The two following are the com- 

 monest genera. 



Calyx cylindrical, 2-lipped. Corolla 2-lipped. Ovary 1-celled, simple. Herb, in woods, 

 with small whitish flowers in slender and loose spikes; the calyx contuininn- 

 the akene, turned down in fruit, {Phrijmn) Lopseed. 



Calyx tubular, 5-toothed. Corolla salver-shaped, with 5 slightly unequal lobes. Flowers 



in spikes or heads, summer and autumn, ( Vtrbhiia) Vervain. 



