THflTBRSITT 



TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



INTRODUCTION. 



M4M 



MICROBES AND PUOTISTA ... ... ... .., ... 1 



CH A FT Ell I. 



PAHASITIC FUNGI AND MOULDS ... ... ... ... 9 



I. General remarks on fungi ... ... ... 9 



II. Babidiomycetes : uredinese, the rust of wheat and gra.-sus 14 



III. Ascomycetes : ergot of rye; mould of leather and dried fruit 20 



IV. Oomycetes, mucormese, or moulds, strictly so called ; pero- 



nosporse; potato-fungus ... ... ... 27 



V. Parasiiic fnngi of the vine: oi'dinm, mildew, etc. ... 32 



VI. Habitat and station of parasitic fungi: their destructive 



action ... ... ... ... ... 43 



VII. Parasitic fungi of insects, considered as auxiliaries to man 47 



VI I [. Muscjirdin, or disease of silkworms ... ... ... 50 



IX. Parasitic fungi of the skin and mucous membrane of man 



and other animals ... ... ... ... 51 



CHAPTER II. 



FKKMEXTS AND ARTIFICIAL FERMENTATIONS ... ... 6(5 



I. Definition of fermentation... ... ... ... GO 



II. Vegetable nature of ferments, or yeasts ... ... ... 72 



III. Ferments of wine ; alcoholic fermentation ... ... 74 



IV. Beer-yeast ... ... ... ... ... ... 78 



V. Concerning some other fermented drinks ... ... 82 



VI. Yeast of bread ... ... ... ... ... &i 



