88 



MICRO-ORGANISMS AND FERMENTATION. 



been removed and the soil dug and cleaned, the disease 

 disappeared. 



FELLOWES also analysed several English beers affected by 

 this disease, and isolated the bacteria detected ; but by 

 inoculation of the pure cultures in beer he did not succeed 

 in preparing a beer containing these organisms and showing 



Ba, 



. 



FIG. 23. Leuconostoc mesenterioides Cienkowski (after ZOPF) : A, cell cluster of 

 the variety with no - envelope, taken from a potato cultivation ; B, series showing the 

 development of a cultivation grown in gelatine, free from sugar ; B a, has no 

 envelopes ; B b, the same after 24 hours' growth in a solution of molasses, the 

 envelopes are already seen but are not strongly developed ; B c, after 48 hours' growth 

 in molasses, the envelopes are more strongly developed and partly encased in each 

 other ; C, a small gelatinous mass from which the cells have been expelled. 



a viscosity corresponding to that of the sample from which 

 they came. 



The so-called frog-spawn fungus (Leuconostoc mesenterioides) 

 was investigated by CIENKOWSKI and VAN TIEGHEM, and more 

 recently by ZOPF and LIESENBERG (Fig. 23). Both the European 

 form and the variety found by WINTER in Java occur spontane- 

 ously in beet-root sap, and in the molasses from the manufacture 



