ALCOHOLIC FERMENTS. 211 



SAARE and ZEIDLER in millet beer from Africa, and more 

 exactly described by LINDNER. It is closely allied to the 

 previous species ; its propagation also takes place by formation 

 of partition-walls and by disjunction ; frequently the two new 

 cells remain connected for some time at a single point, upon 

 which they rotate until they form an acute angle to each other. 

 The cells resemble the conidia of Oidium ; but the shape of 

 many of them is suggestive of the manner in which they were 

 derived, one end being rounded, whilst the other is surrounded 

 by a well defined ring-wall, enclosing the newly-formed piece 

 of globular and opalescent membrane. In the cells from one 

 to four spores may occur, which grow in the same way as 

 those of S. Ludwigii, viz., by the formation of a germinative 

 thread ; no fusion of the promyceliurn of the spores has been 

 observed. 



The growth forms no film on wort. On wort-gelatine it 

 forms a compact finely-furrowed growth. 



At its optimum temperature, 3 0-3 5 C., this species shows 

 high fermentation phenomena. It is distinguished by the con- 

 siderable amount of acid formed during the fermentation, 

 and possesses a certain power of resistance in competition 

 with bacteria. In beer-wort it gives rather a vigorous 

 fermentation ; it also produces fermentation in dextrose 

 and cane-sugar solutions. 



According to investigations by EOTHENBACH, it ferments 

 about half the total amount of a diastase-dextrine prepared 

 according to LINDNER'S directions, leaving acchro-dextrine, 

 which, on addition of alcohol, slowly separates out in sphsero- 

 crystals. 



As this species is capable of forming very considerable 

 amounts of alcohol, it might be supposed to be available for 

 practical purposes. Experiments made in this direction, 

 however, have not hitherto proved successful. 



In the rum-fermentation of molasses in the West Indian 

 Islands two different yeast-types are used. In a few districts 

 the common ellipsoidal form predominates ; in other districts a 

 mould-like Saccharomyces. VORDERMANN and EIJKMANN in 

 Java constantly found, in arrack fermentation of molasses, a 

 fungus which separates new cells through formation of partition- 



