86 



THE PRINCIPLES OF AGRICULTURE 



utmost capacity. Market -gardening and forcing-house culture 

 are examples. 



1116. Exten-sive farming is general husbandry, especially 

 when done on a large scale and without forceful methods of 

 tillage and cropping. Grain -farming and stock-raising are ex- 

 amples. / 



120a. A covered barn-yard is shown in Fig. 30. This is a 

 basement under the farm barn at Cornell University. This 

 affords a protected place in which the stock may exercise in 

 cold weather ; and if the cattle are dehorned, thej' remain to- 



Fig. 32. A handy and economical stable, with cattle-racks, a manure trough 

 (behind which is a walk), and a small shed at the rear, with a hollowed 

 cement bottom, for the storage of the manure. 



gether peaceably. Such an area not only saves the manure, but 

 it adds to the welfare and value of the stock. Compare this 

 with the commoner type of yard, as shown in Fig. 31. A 

 handy and efficient arrangement for the saving of manure is 

 shown in Fig. 32. For general discussions on farm manures 

 and methods of saving and handling them, consult Roberts, 

 "Fertility of the Land," Chapters vi., vii., viii., ix. 



126a. Muck, marl, and other materials of this class are 

 considered in Voorhees' "Fertilizers," Chapter vi., and in Roberts' 

 "Fertility, Chapter xiii. ;" and the appendix to the latter work has 

 full tables of the fertilizer constituents of very many substances. 



