THE MANAGEMENT OK STOCK J? I 



46. Water 



500. All nutriment is carried into the system, 

 and tlirou«:jh it, by means of water. Since 

 water is the universal carritT, it should ever 

 be prt'st'ut in tho animal tissues in ([uantities 

 sufficient to accomplish the desired results. Ani- 

 mals should have water at least twice a day. 



507. Animals fed a narrow ration (453) re- 

 quire more water than those which are fed a 

 wide ration. A cow in milk may require from 

 fifty to eiirhty pounds of water daily. If the water 

 is fr»M'zin«^ cold, she will not drink freely and the 

 production of milk will be reduced. Moreover, 

 the water must be raised to the temjierature of 

 the body by the heat jrenerated in the animal. 

 This may require a part of the en^MLcy ''f the food 

 which mi«^lit otherwise have been turned to some 

 us. 'fill purpose. If water at a temperature of about 

 tJU F. is i>rovided for the stock in ('«)ld weather, the 

 animals will not only enjoy it, but will not re- 

 fjuir»» as nuH'h food as when conijielled to drink 

 water near the freezing: point. In lar^'e herds, 

 coal may well be substitutt'd for meal in heating 

 the drinking water. 



■ir. Food 



50S. So many varieties of acceptable cattle 

 foods can be secured cheaply in America, that 



