276 THE PRINCIPLES OF AGRICULTURE 



a long, low, rhythmic motion when the animal is alert, while the 

 hind quarters are lowered and widened, and the hind legs, with 

 their wide, all-embracing sweep, show how and where the great 

 propelling power is located. 



481o. The scoring of animals is a matter of ideals. The person 

 assumes that a total of 100 points represents the perfect animal, 

 each part or quality being represented by a certain figure. 

 Any animal may then be judged (as at a fair) by this standard 

 or score. Definite scores hnve been adopted by various breeders' 

 associations, colleges, etc. For illustration, two scoresare now given. 



4816. Following is the score for a dairy cow used by the 

 College of Agriculture, Cornell University: 



General Appearance : 



Weight, estimated lbs.; actiial lbs. 



Form, wedge shape as viewed from trout, side aud top.. 5 

 Quality, hair fine, soft ; skin mellow, loose, medium 



thickness, seeretion yellow ; bone clean 8 



Constitution, vigorous, not inclined to beeflness 8 



Head and Neck : 



Muzzle, clean cut ; mouth large ; nostrils large 1 



Eyes, large, bright 1 



Face, lean, long ; quiet expression 1 



Forehead, broad, slightly dished 1 



£a?-s, medium size; yellow inside, fine texture 1 



Neck, Que, medium length ; throat clean ; light dewlap.. 2 



Foke' and Hind Quarters : 



Withers, lean, thin 1 



Shoulders, light, oblique 2 



Mips, far apart ; level between hooks 2 



Rump, long, wide 2 



Pin-bones or thurls, high, wide apart 1 



Thighs, thin , long 2 



iefirs, straight, short ; shank fine 1 



Tail, loug, slim ; fine switch 1 



Body: 



Chest, deep, low ; girth large 8 



Ribs, broad, well sprung, long, wide apart: large stomach. 5 



Bade, lean, straight, chine open 3 



Loin, broad, level 2 



Flank, moderately low 1 



Navel, large 1 



