218 MILITARY COMMISSION TO EUROPE. 



2d. bivouac with picket ropes perpendicular to the front. 



Each squadron is allowed a front of 50 paces, and a depth of 75, with intervals of 10 paces 

 between the scj^uadrons. The arrangement of the kitchens, &c., is similar to that in the preced- 

 ing case. 



The parade ground is in front of the camp, and is 50 paces deep. 



A bivouac of this kind occupies a front of 230 paces and a depth of 125, between the same 

 points as in the last case. 



3d. bivouac in column by squadrons. 



Each squadron is allowed a front of 75 paces, and a depth of 20, with distances of 10 paces 

 between the squadrons. 



The kitchens are 10 paces from one flank of the column, the squadron oflicers 5 paces beyond 

 the kitchens ; the colonel and staif 20 paces behind the last squadron. The parade ground is 

 on the ojjposite flank from the kitchens ; a free space 50 paces deep is left in front of the bivouac 

 and jjarade ground. 



This bivouac occupies a front of 165 paces, including the parade ground, and a depth of 145 

 paces between the same points as in the last case. 



In bivouac the sabres are stuck in the ground 3 jjaces in front of the picket ropes ; the shako 

 and cartridge box hung on it. 



The horse equipments are placed 3 paces in rear of the horses. 



In time of peace, cavalry usually march 14 miles each day, resting every fourth day. In 

 good weather, and over good roads, they may march 28 miles or more, but such long marches 

 are to be avoided, as injurious to the horses and equiiiment. 



On good roads, and in good weather, the march is usually at the rate of 3 miles per hour ; in 

 a rough, broken country, about one-third more time must be allowed. ' 



To place a squadron on a railway train requires about 2 houi's ; about 1 hour is needed to 

 take them oS. 



2 locomotives and about 32 wagons are needed to transport a squadron. 



SCHOOL OF EQUITATION, AT SCHWEDT. 



Lieutenants and non-commissioned officers of cavalry and artillery are sent to this school for 

 instruction in equitation. 



The course lasts two years ; there is but one class of officers, that is, they all enter and leave 

 the school at the same time, an entirely new set entering every second year ; one-half of the 

 non-commissioned officers leave every year. 



One officer is sent from every brigade of cavalry, and from every two regiments of artillery. 

 Two non-commissioned officers are sent from every regiment of cavalry and artillery. 



Each officer brings 2 private horses with him, the school furnishing him with a third ; the 

 non-commissioned officers come without horses, and take back to their regiments the horse each 

 one rode during the last year. 



The school consists of 1 field officer as director, 3 captains or lieutenants, as instructors, 2 

 riding masters, 24 lieutenants and 94 non-commissioned officers as pupils, 1 paymaster, 1 

 orderly sergeant, 2 veterinaries, 1 quartermaster, 1 horse breaker, 57 privates as grooms, 27 

 privates as officers' servants. 



