REPORT OF CAPT. GEORGE B. IFCLELLAN. 239 



The apothecary establishment is very complete and well arranged ; the number of remedies 

 in the pharmacopcfiia is reduced to 160. 



The stables are rooms opening upon a corridor ; some of these rooms are for single borses, 

 others for 2, 4, 6, and 10. 



They are clean, but hot, and badly ventilated. 



The animals affected with internal diseases are in different stables from those troubled with 

 external diseases ; glandered horses are ke^jt in separate stables 



Glanders is regarded as incurable ; they keep the horse long enough to be certain that he is 

 really afflicted with that disease, and then kill him. 



In 1854, two of the students died of glanders ; they died in about 8 months after being inocu- 

 lated, the first symptom being an incurable ulcer on the hand. 



They never cauterize for the lampas, but administer purgatives and green food, and bleed by 

 drawing the lancet between the bars. 



The forges, tools, and shoes, are very rougli and clumsy. 



Formerly very complicated machinery was used in shoeing the horse, but they have now learned 

 that the very moderate number of 3 men will suffice, without artificial aids ; one man, by the 

 assistance of a cavesson and mesmerism, holds and controls tbe borse, another holds his foot, 

 a third puts on the shoe ; it is possible that they may learn to dispense with one or two of these 

 assistants, as well as with mesmerism. 



The shoe is always fitted and put on cold. 



There are usually 6 nails in each shoe. 



In the summer the shoe is plain, with neither toes nor heels ; in winter it has both. For the 

 horses of the officers, in winter, one heel is firmly attached to the shoe, the other can be unscrewed ; 

 on leaving the stable, the blunt movable heel is replaced by a pointed one. 



The men pay for the shoeing of their horses ; a very small daily allowance is given them to cover 

 this expenditure. 



The greatest possible attention is paid in the regiments to the condition of the shoes ; it is 

 justly regarded as one of the most important points. 



At the veterinary school, dogs, cows, sheep, &c., are treated. Sheep are kept here to be 

 inoculated for a disease quite similar in its phenomena to the small-pox ; the animal is 

 inoculated upon the bare lower surface of the tail, the matter collected from the pustules, and 

 distributed among the great sheep proprietors of the country. 



This disease formerly killed off some 40,000 per annum in the empire ; now, scarcely one 

 dies of it. 



This veterinary school may be regarded as one of the very best in Europe, and is well 

 worthy of imitation. 



A programme of the course, not in my possession, will give all the information requisite. 



VETERINARY SURGEONS, ETC. 



As has been already stated, each regiment has a senior veterinary surgeon ; each squadron 

 a veterinary surgeon. 



The first has the rank of a first sergeant, the second that of a corporal. 



They are all educated at the veterinary school, and are either the children of veterinaries, or 

 else well conducted soldiers, whose original pursuit was that of a horse-shoer. 

 • They generally shoe the horses themselves, as well as treating their diseases ; they always 

 instruct three or four good men in the squadron, who act as their assistants. 



