REPORT OF CAPT. GEORGE B M'CLELLAN 259 



During the whole course the pupils are required to make shoes and to shoe horses. 

 The academic staif is as follows : 



1. The director, who is also professor of anatomy- and external diseases. 



2. A professor of external jjathology, surgery, and shoeing. 



3. A professor of internal pathology, and botany. 



4. A professor of hygeine, ph3'siology, and sanitary police. 



5. A professor of physics, chemistry, and pharmacy. 

 In addition, there are three assistant professors. 



The pupils reside in the establishment, and are kept under very strict discipline. When 

 they pass their final examination they receive a regular diploma as veterinary physicians. 



In the practice at this institution, the glanders is regarded as incurable, and the fleam is 

 preferred to the spring lancet. 



The boxes for very sick or large horses are 11' 4" wide, 14' 9" long, with a passage way of 

 5' in rear, and are about 15' high : in front of the stables there is an iron shed 10' 6" wide. 



The mangers are of stone ; racks, of wood ; floors, of hard brick, laid on the long edge ; the 

 divisions between the stalls are solid, and swing on pivots, so as to yield to the kick of the 

 animal. 



There are stables for cows ; kennels for dogs, cats, &c. 



There are also dissecting rooms — animals being purchased and killed for the purpose. 



The librarj^ has a reading-room attached, and contains general scientific works, as well as 

 those relating esjaecially to the veterinary art. 



The collection of instruments for exjjeriments in natural philosoijhy is fair. 



There is a small anatomical museum, in which are found nearly all the admirable models 

 made by Dr. Augoux ; these represent the teeth, bones, intestines — in fact, all parts of the horse, 

 as well as complete models showing the whole external and internal structure of the animal. 

 They are made of a material not unlike jjapier-mache, and are durable and accurate. 



These models are in general use throughout Europe, and are regarded as indispensable in a 

 veterinary school. 



Specimens were purchased by the commission ; and I would urgently recommend that com- 

 plete sets be procured for the military academy, the cavalry depot, and for general use in the 

 service. 



In the botanical garden are found specimens of all proper and noxious aliments for the horse, 

 medicinal plants, &c. 



The forges in the shoeing shop are of iron, and well arranged ; the tools present nothing 

 peculiar. 



The method of cold shoeing is pursued here, as is universally the case in the French govern- 

 ment establishments. This process will be fully explained when describing the farrier school 

 at Saumur. 



CAVALRY SCHOOL, AT SAUMUR. 



This is the most perfect and extensive institution of the kind in Europe, perhaps the only one 

 really deserving the title, the others being more properly mere schools of equitation. 



It is situated on the Loire, in the department of the Maine and Loire, a region in which forao'e 

 abounds, and where the climate is such that exercises in the open air are seldom interrupted. 



The organization and purposes of the school cannot be better described than by giving extracts 

 from the " Decree of Reorganization," dated October, 1853 : 



