The Herd and the Dairy 



271 



rator is employed the 

 skim milk is ready to 

 use while still fresh, 

 and therefore it makes 

 much better feed for 

 calves than when it has 

 stood until nearly or 

 quite sour, waiting for 

 the cream to rise. 



Experiments and Ob- 

 servations 



1. Observe and describe 

 the various kinds of pure- 

 bred cattle in your neigh- 

 borhood. Find out how 

 they compare for dairy pur- 

 poses. Find out, also, how 

 any crossbred cows you 



may see are influenced in appearance and value by the pure 

 blood they possess. 



2. Compare several cows, noticing which of them possesses 

 the most marks of a good cow as described in this chapter. 



3. Estimate the age of the cows you observe. 



4. Whirl a small weight on the end of a string, and explain 

 how the pull that is felt is utilized in the cream separator. 



FIG. 217. 



De Laval Co. 

 A hand separator. 



References 



"The Dairy Herd." Farmers' Bulletin 55. 

 "Breeds of Dairy Cattle." Farmers' Bulletin 893. 

 "Breeds of Beef Cattle." Farmers' Bulletin 612. 

 "Production of Clean Milk." Farmers' Bulletin 602. 

 "Bacteria in Milk." Farmers' Bulletin 490. 

 "Farm Butter Making." Farmers' Bulletin 876. 



