No. 4.] 



BIRDS AND WOODLANDS. 



315 



Birds feeding on the Tent Caterpillar (Clisiocampa atneri- 

 caua, HaiT.). 

 We have fouud by observation and stomach examination 

 that at least 32 species eat the tent caterpillar. Others not 

 on the list probably eat the mature insect, and the pupa is 

 taken from its cocoon and eaten by several. The tent or 

 web seems to be some protection to the caterpillars within it, 

 as few birds have been observed to break open the web and 

 take out the caterpillars. Most birds appear to prefer tak- 

 ing the caterpillars from the twigs, branches and leaves. 

 The crow, blue jay, Baltimore oriole and red-eyed vireo are 

 among those that tear open the welj and hale the caterpillars 

 forth." 



Yellow-billed cuckoo, 



Black-billed cuckoo, 



Hairy woodpecker, 



Downy woodpecker, 



Flicker, 



Whii)poorwill, 



Chimney swift, 



Wood pewee, 



Blue jay. 



Crow, 



Red-winged blackbird, 



Baltimore oriole. 



Bronzed gi'ackle or crow 



blackbird. 

 White-throated sparrow. 

 Chipping sparrow. 

 Field sparrow. 



Towhee, 



Rose-breasted grosbeak, 

 Scai'let tanager. 

 Red-eyed vireo. 

 Yellow-throated vireo. 

 Black-and-white warbler, 

 Golden- winged warbler, 

 Nashville warbler, 

 Panila warbler. 

 Black-throated blue warbler, 

 American redstart, 

 Catbird, 



Brown thrasher, 

 House wi'en. 

 Chickadee, 

 American robin. 



Birds ichich feed on the Canker Worms. 

 This list of 51 birds which feed on canker worms em- 

 braces most of the families and genera of the smaller land 

 birds, which were well represented in the locality and at the 

 time when the observations were made. It is probable that 

 whenever small, smooth-skinned caterpillars become numer- 

 ous, they are attacked by most species of small land l)irds 

 in the vicinity, as such caterpillars are everywhere eaten 

 greedily by most of the smaller birds and also used as food 

 for their young. 



