BACTERIUM PULLORUM INFECTION IN FOWL. 71 



dextrose. This aerogenic property of the pullorum strains is persistent. 

 Cultures of ])ulloruni carried for fourteen months in France during the 

 war, and kept under adverse conditions, when planted again under favor- 

 able conditions regained their aerogenic properties, and the activities in 

 this direction were as marked as in the original cultures. The 112 strains 

 of Bad. pullorum studied, even after being transferred eighteen times, still 

 retain active gas production in dextrose and mannite. In one exception, 

 culture No. -±4, there has never developed more than a bubble of gas in 

 the dextrose. This is recorded in the table in the dextrose column as B, 

 meaning bubble. All strains are methyl red negative. Therefore from 

 previous morphological and cultural tests, linked with these biochemical 

 findings, it may be concluded that the organism classed to-day as Bad. 

 ■ptdlorum A should be a slender, non-motile, non-liquefying, gram-negative 

 bacillus. It does not coagulate or peptonize milk. It produces gas in 

 dextrose and mannite, forms HoS in lead acetate medium, does not produce 

 indol, and does not reduce nitrates. 



Fermentation Tests with Baderiitm Sanguinarium. 



Dextrose. — This sugar was fermented by all the five strains, 0.8 per cent being 

 the highest amount and 0.7 per cent the lowest, the mean being 0.7 per cent. 



Mannite. — All cultures of Bact. sanguinarium produced about the same quantity 

 of acidity, 0.8 per cent. 



Galactose. — Fermented by Bact. sanguinarium, the percentage acidity being 

 0.7, 0.7, 0.6, 0.8 and 0.7 per cent, respectively. 



Levulose. — Fermented more variably than galactose, 0.6 per cent being the 

 lowest figure, and 0.9 per cent the highest. 



Arabinose. — All strains fermented this carbohydrate, the readings being be- 

 tween 0.6 and 0.8 per cent acid. 



Salicin. — Xot fermented by the five strains. 



Mannose. — This carbohydrate was fermented by Bact. sanguinarium about the 

 same as mannite. 



Xylose. — Fermented less actively in this carbohydrate, the readings being 

 0.5, 0.3, 0.2, 0.5 and 0.4 per cent acidity, respectively. 



Adonite. — Not appreciably fermented by Bact. sanguinarium. The maximum 

 figure obtained was 0.1 per cent acidity. 



Erythrol. — Not fermented significantly by any of the five strains of Bac. san- 

 guinarium. 



Saccharose. — Not fermented by Bact. sanguinarium. There was increased 

 alkalinity. 



Dulcite. — In this carbohydrate the initial acidity was increased, 0.4 per cent 

 being the maximum amount determined in any of the five cultures. 



Dextrine. — There was a marked increase in acidity, four of the five strains of 

 Bact. sanguinarium showing 0.6 per cent. 



Lactose. — There was no increase in acidity by Bact. sanguinarium. There was 

 a marked production of alkalinity. 



Raffinose. — There was no increase in acidity in this carbohydrate; the initial 

 acidity was markedly reduced. 



Inulin. — There was no increase in acidity in this carbohydrate; the initial 

 acidity was markedly reduced. 



Maltose. — Large increase in acid was noted by all strains of Bact. sanguinarium 

 in this carbohydrate. 



Glycerine. — None of the strains of Bact. sanguinarium produced any acid in 

 glycerine. The determination on the fifth day showed a reduction in initial acidity. 



