1500 



RANUNCULUS 



%-2 ft. 



,W. Co 



10. CaliJarnicus, B(>nth. Plant rather w 

 high, usually fnil""^''<-iit ■■!■ liir'^iitc, bram-lii 



divided or parti ■ iln i.l. M i 



narrow, often J , . '"H-: |i.iaU 



yellow, obIont'-rn,rr..v, I > ..lioval.- ;,k.-n,- 

 margined, beak very short. Rather dry pla 

 and adjacent Ore. 



11. ftcris, Linn. Figs. 1874, 2074, 2075, 2078. Plant 

 hairy up to the sepals, erect, K-3 ft. high, often 

 branched: radical Ivs. on long, slender petioles; others 

 with shorter petioles sheathing the stem or nearly ses- 

 sile; Ivs. 3-parted nearly to the base, the divisions 

 ovoid-cuneate, 2-3-lobed and coarsely toothed or cut: 

 bracts linear, lobed or entire: fls. yellow, 9-12 lines 

 across, several, on rather short peduncles; sepals hairy 

 beneath, ovate, shorter than the petals; petals 5, gla- 

 brous, obovoid, obtuse, bearing a prominent scale at 

 base: akenes compressed, coriaceous on margins; style 

 very short: head globose. May-Sept. Newfoundland, 

 Canada, eastern states. Said to be naturalized from Eu- 

 rope.— Var. ilore-pldno, Hort., is more common in cult. 

 The best forms are deep, glossy, golden yellow and very 

 double. Called Bachelor's Buttons. B.M. 215. 



12 acomtiSdlms, Lmn Plant pubescent, %-3 ft high, 

 branched Ivs palraately 3-5 parted, parts cut toothed, 

 upper ones sessile and with oblong to linear lanceolate 

 lobes tls \\liit SI \i 1 d on a stem sepals flat pubes- 

 cent I t 1 1 1 II uneare to orbicular Ma\ June. 

 Mount 111 t 1 M 1 li I uroi e — \ \r !lore-pl6no, Hort. 

 (var I I III! I di 1 White Bachelors Button and 

 Pair Maids ot ^kwc e has veiv ornamental, double, 

 white, globose floneis Gn 45 p 29, and 48 p. 506. 

 Var Ititeus-pl^nns, Hort Fls much doubled but of a 

 golden yellow color The type and varieties are suited 

 to borders and half wild places 



2078 Buttercups— Ranunculus acns Natural 



H anemonoldes ZAh\ 6 in fls white or tinged rose Austria. 

 Gn 22 354 -R aquatdis Lmn sometimes ciUed Lodewort, 

 Ram s Foot etc is in interesting aquatic plant common in 

 temperate regions the floating Ivs otten broad and 3 lobed, 

 while the submerged Ivs are cut up into numerous thread-like 

 segments —K bullatu^ Lmn isajellowfld species offered in 

 single and double forms by Dutch bull) dealers Medil 

 region —i2 cardtophyllus Hook , offered m Colo m 19 



EAPHANUS 



sidered by Gray as R. afttnis ^ ar \ ahdus Tt is nn American 



siiei-ies pi.'turi'il in B.M. 2999 with yellow lis 1I4 iii icdss - 

 ;,■ I,.-- ,,,,;,,,■,., Mulil. Heightltt Jan \ \i Mi 1- 

 /. ■ ' .idled Lessertelaii.il I 1 nt, 



1 Europe and the Cau \ 1 



:. . ■. ] ;ii, ii.iross. A double 1 11 1 11 in 



1 'ill. li i ill. .lilt!, r^. — ii!. ia?lWfftli()SUS I inn I i i ii sjie 



.■it's of wliir-li a double form IS advertised l^ Kielii;. it Hair 

 lem, Holland. -i<. Lyallii, Hook, f , the New Zealand Water 

 Lily, grows 2-4 ft. high, has peltate Ivs and waxj 

 " ■ flow 



owered panicles In Europe it 



2079. Dwarf Essex Rape (X 112). 



is considered a cool greenhouse plant. It is a gorgeous spe- 

 cies and ought to succeed somewhere in North America. G C 

 II. 15:724; 23:371.-/8. pamassUblius, Linn., is a white -fld. 

 European mountain plant 6 in. high, procurable from Dutch bulb 

 dealers. J.H. III. 30:37. L.B.C. 3:245. BM. 386.-JI. pedatus. 

 Waldst. & Kit., a native of the Hungarian Alps, has yellow Hs. 

 nearly an inch across.— iJ. rvtiefbliiis, Liun., a native of the 

 higher Alps, has yellow fls.: petals 8-10: claw orange Offered 

 by Dutch dealers.— iJ. septentrionaUs. Poir.. is advertised. It is 

 a native plant allied to R. repens.— i^. spicdtun, Desf., is figureii 

 in B.M. 4585, with showy 5-petaled yellow fls. fully 2 in. across. It 

 is an Algerian species hut is said to be perfectly hardy in England 

 and of easy culture in any good garden soil.— /i'. supeiblssiinus. 

 Hort., is used in some catalogues for the double French Ranun- 

 culi, known also as R. Asiaticus, var. superbissimus.— i?. viri- 

 difldrus, Hort. VauTubergen, is a scarlet and green-fld. variety 

 of the Turban class of R. Asiaticus. g q Davis. 



BAPE (JSrassicre iVnpijs). Fig. 2079. In recent years 

 this has become an important forage plant. The name 

 Rape includes several varieties which are grown for 

 two purposes: (1) for seed from which oil is expressed; 

 (2) for the purpose of furnishing animals with succu- 

 lent feed during late summer and autunin, when pas- 

 tures become bare. Varietios iis.-.l f, ,r lite latter pur- 

 pose usually do not produce s. ..I in ilii, . limate the same 

 season, though they are usimlly iln-^. .1 «ith annuals. 

 Dwarf Essex is an example of tli.. kiinl ns,..,! for soiling 

 (green feeding) purposes. Rape is of considerable im- 

 portance to the fruit-grower as a cover-crop. The seed 

 germinates readily, will often grow where a clover catch 

 is impossible, and furnishes excellent sheep pasturage 

 late in the season. When grown strictly as a soiling 

 plant the tops are cut and hauled to the feed-lot or 

 stable. Dwarf Essex Rape much resembles a ruta- 

 baga turnip at first. It is like a rutabaga with an exag- 

 gerated leafy top and without a swollen fleshy root. 

 Rape is a cool weather plant and may be growii in al- 

 most any part of the United States by sowing it at the 

 proper time. As a cover-crop in the orchard in the East 

 it may be sown as late as September 15 with good re- 

 sults. It is an excellent pioneer plant in the work of 

 renewing humus in worn-out lands. In the Middle 

 West, where shade is needed. Rape is used as a nurse 

 plant for clover when the latter is sown in orchards in 

 midsummer. Turnips may be used for the same purpose. 

 John Craig. 



BAPHANUS (classical name, from the Greek). Cru- 

 cifene. Radish. Charlock. Annual or biennial branch- 

 ing herbs, of about (i species in I'.urope ami temperate 

 Asia, of which one, /,'. salims. is tl,,. K'a.lisli (which 

 see). They bear smail hut rath.r sin'wv sliuder-pedi- 

 c.elled flowers in rosi-jila.- or wliit.-, or in some species 

 yellow, iu open terminal racemes. Leaves various and 

 variable, the r.adical and sometimes the cauline lyrate- 

 pinnatilid. Stamens 6, free. Sepals erect, the lateral 

 ones somewhat saccate or pouch-like at base. Pod a 



