'^ga 



the soil does not contain this naturally, it should be 

 added and thoroughly incorporated with the other in- 

 gredients. If the bed is intended for Hybrid Teas, 

 Teas, Bourbons or Noisettes, the soil should be lighter, 

 and if naturally heavy should have added to it a proper 

 amount of sand or leaf-mold, and be thoroughly mixed 

 as before. Roses are rank feeders; therefore be liberal 

 with manure for every class. 



Garden Roses can be obtained from the dealers grown 

 in two ways: on their own roots, and budded on the 

 Manetti or brier stock. Figs. 21oG, 2175. There is much 

 difference of opinion as to the relative value of the two 

 sorts, and it must be admitted that some of the stronger 

 varieties will do equally well either way; Iiut the 

 opinion of the writer, based upon tlie cxiHiience i.f 

 nearly a quarter of a century, is th:it all cil' ihc h-^ 



far'lM.tn.,- Im.l^i,-,! il'iai. 



some are utterly worlli- 

 less unless budded : 

 notably, Reine Marie 

 Henriette and Vis- 

 countess Folkestone, 

 both charming Roses 

 when well grown. The 

 budded plants are 

 mostly grown in Eu- 

 rope, taken up as soon 

 IS the wood is ripened 

 in the autumn, and 

 shipped to us in the 

 dormant state in time 

 for planting in the lati- 

 tude of Philadelphia 

 before the ground is 

 frozen. They are usu- 

 ally received in such 

 excellent condition that 

 rarely one in a hundred 

 lit the hudj sorts fails 

 ( I in il I .rood growth 

 111 till loom in the 



Willi thi tender 



mg out ot doors m late 

 Tutumn IS attended 

 with much risk, be- 

 cause of the inability 

 of these plants to en- 

 dure the rigors of our 

 winters before becom- 

 ing established. Coii- 

 2173. Rose trained to a few shoots, sequently they need 

 „ ,.„, much more protection 



ties. It is really much better to have the planting 

 deferred until the early spring, if tlif ].l:ni*j .nn lip 

 safely housed throughout the winter. v*,. -i, i ■ \-,. 

 become successfully established their - , ■ '1. 



and they will repay in vigor and exir i mm 



work expended upon them. Few anni' m , li . ' \'r, 

 have the conveniences for cariiiir fcr a iniiiil" r i-f iLmis 

 under cover throughout tlic winiir. I'ln r, lurr ilny 

 must take the risk of plantin;; in tlip aiiiiiiiin or mlti- 

 vate plants grown on theirown n>.ii^. Tin- brst Innl.led 

 stock the writer has yet fouii.l \v,i^ .iliijini il from nur- 

 series in Ireland, and it has In i n iIm iiiiii,,rin testimony 

 of all who have examined tliini lliji tin \ liad not seen 

 finer out-of-door Roses grown i n 1 1 j i ^ m i ■ 1 1 " 1 1 . ( For fur- 

 ther discussions of budded and grafted Ix.jses, see page 

 1574.) 



Planting Budded Soses.— Holes at least 1 ft. in depth 

 and 15 in. wide should be made for each plant, the 

 collar or point where the bud was inserted and from 

 which the new growth starts placed 2 in. beneath the 

 surface of the soil, the roots spread out and downwards 

 (care being taken that no roots cross each other) and all 

 roots covered with fine soil free from lumps of manure. 

 Fig. 217G. Manure should never be placed in actual 

 contact with the roots, but near at hand, where the new 

 feeding roots can easily reach when growth begins. 



The remaining soil should then be packed in firmly, the 



surface leveled and covered with about 3 inches of 



coarse litter and manure, and the long wood cut back to 



about 18 inches to prevent the plant being whipped and 



loosened by high winds. 



This extra wood is left to 



encourage root action in 



the spring and should be 



cut back to three or four 



eyes as soon as they can 



be detected whe 



out. 



Alv 



pus 

 cut above 



Juring it. t. 



the sh..,.t 



ill be 



al74. A Rose 1 





dwarfing ami li,.' ,; - i ;i, j 

 the plant and i ■ . ^ i n _ 

 proper developiia III . Tin 

 deep planting aliove de- 

 scribed is necessary to pre- 

 vent suckers from being 

 thrown out by the roots, 

 as these will speedily 

 choke and kill the less 

 vigorous wood which we 

 are endeavoring to de- 

 velop. From the writer's 

 point of view tne only ob- 

 jection to budded plants 

 is this danger of suck- 

 ering from the roots ; 



therefore no one should attempt to cultivate budded 

 Roses who cannot distinguish the brier should it appear, 

 or who is too careless or indifferent to dig down at once 

 and cut the wild shoot clean off at the root, rubbing it 

 smooth to prevent its starting again. Do this just as 

 soon as you discover it. 



A very little experience will enable any one to dis- 

 tinguish the brier. The canes are covered with minute 

 thorns and bear seven leaflets, instead of the usual 

 number of five. Should any doubt remain, follow the 

 .shoot down through the ground and if it starts below 

 the collar, it is a lirier. Remove it. These wild shoots 

 usually appear a few inches outside of the regular 

 growth, rarely inside; consequently then- i-< little diffi- 

 culty in detecting and removing tlimj. 



Planting Soses from Po^i.-Slnnilil K-^.'^ L-rown on 

 their own roots be preferred, tin y -Imul,! I,.- j.hinted as 

 soon as the spring weather has fairly settled and all 

 danger of frost is over, that the plants may be firmly 

 established before the heat of summer. Roses planted 

 late in the season never d< 

 sufficient vigor to withstai 

 summer sun. The 

 holes need only be 

 made a little larger 

 than the pot in which 

 the plant is growing. 

 Choose a cloudy day, 

 or the time just before 

 a rain, or late in the 

 afternoon, and, after 

 making the hole, knock 

 the pot off by inverting 

 the plant and striking 

 the edge sharply on a 

 firm substance (the 

 handle of a spade 

 which has been firmly 

 placed in the ground 

 in an upright position 

 will answer nicely). 

 Press the ball of earth 



firmly between the hands to loosen the earth without 

 injuring the roots, fill the hole with water, insert the 

 plant a very little deeper than it stood in the pot, fill 

 in with soil and pack the earth around firmly. Pot- 



^'PhM 



