1578 



ROTHROC?KIA 



5-parted; stigma abruptly produced from the top into a 

 column having a 3-crested apex. Syn. Flora N. Amer., 

 vol. 2, part 1, p. 403. 



cordiSdlia, A. Gray. Lvs. opposite, slender-petioled, 

 cordate, acutely acuminate: fls. white or whitish, in 

 racemes; corolla'- lobes 3^ lines long. Along water- 

 courses near the borders of Arizona. Cult, in S. Calif. 

 F. W. Barclay. 



EOTJGE PLANT. Rivina humilis. 



EOtrPALA (probably a native name in Guiana). Also 

 spelled liopala, Mhopala, etc. Proteiiceir. A genus of 

 about 40 species of the tropical retrions nf 

 They are mostly woody plants, wiili lii.n 

 green lvs., either simple or piniiaii': il-, m 

 spicuous, in axillary or lateral r:i.-.iiii -, | 

 pairs, hermaphrodite, regular; iMiiaiiih 

 rather straight, but little dilated at the 

 somewhat globular: ovary sessile; ovuli 

 orthotropous. 



A. Hairs rust-colored. 



Pdhlii, Meisn. ( /.'. (•„,■,■„,■„,?.•,<.<;.■, H..rt.). 

 with branches clciilud witli i-nsi\ .-(.l.ji-i'd i 

 tomentum: Its. 1 II, ■ir nmn Imh-. jiinnair. 

 5-8 pairs of Ifts. wlii.li ;ir<- ;:-r, in. I<>ii^', 

 stout petiolules 1 in. or less long, ovate or ( 

 liquely ovate, acuminate, acutely serrate: fl 

 % in. long, white or yellowish, in nearly ses 

 sile axillary racemes 3-5 in. long. B.M. G095, 



AA. Hairs goldi 

 atirea, Linden. Accord 

 Hort. 1866:202, this species 

 for the golden hairs covering the 

 upper parts of the stem and pet- 

 ioles. Brazil.— Rare and imper- 

 fectly known, but still offered in 

 America. 



in botanical works. 



EOWAN. Sorbus Aueuparii 

 EOYAL CEOWN. Eucomis 



BOYAL PALM. 



B0Y£NA (Adrian van Roy en, 

 professor of botany in Univ. of 

 Leyden; died 1779). EbenAceie. 

 Royena lucida is one of the old- 

 time Cape shrubs formerly cult, 

 under glass for ornament in Eng- 

 land and lately offered in S. Cali- 

 fornia. It has small white fls. 

 about "^4 '"■ .i(M-n^x. with ". ninrp 



evergriM'ii ^hri.!. 



2 of whirl, ;,1V ii:,' 



the Cape. Tli.- : -, 

 other genera of i !. i 

 hermaprodite in i 

 single series, i ii in r i . 

 Flora of Tropin:,! \ 1 1 1 

 fruit; lobes 5, r.n. u 

 5-cleft; lobes nlli m 1 : 

 of the corolla- 1 ul..: < 

 branches 2-4: tr. ulubu 



RUBUS 



EUBBEE PLANTS. Various plants furnish Rublier. 

 The best gutta percha is said to be piM,l:i, , ,1 h, / ,„,,,(. 

 (?m 6'hH« (which see), a native of IimI I Unl.- 



ber Tree of South America, see iTrr, .' /. .p. 



741. The Rubber Tree of tropical Afri. I I- A/ ../-/, ./,i.i, 

 floridu; see B.M. 6963. The Rubber Plant ot horticul- 

 turists is Ficus elastica. 



EtTBIA (Latin, red; referring to the color of the dye 



extracted from the root). Rubi(lce(e. R. tincfonim is 



the dye-plant called Madder, the 



f-^jpu long, flebhy roots ot which are ground 



Tr^4l^ to powder According ^ 

 Sfyr Maddei fuiiusli. s i ^ .. 

 -. ,. Mr der if . It 



fod 



lu 



nispi.i or 

 t ud Uiout 

 tt mperate 

 K of 4-8 or 

 II t 1 minute, 

 \ iiies, 5 raer 

 Lihv hmb 



dry 2 loculed 



wanting , coiolH lu 



bell shaped, 5 lobed 



01 abortively 1 celled 

 tinctorum, Linn (i? tmctbiia, Salisb ) Madder. 

 A seandent herbaceous perennial h s 2-4 m long, 

 sessile or very short petioled, mostly linceolate not 

 cordate, in whorls of 4-6 cymes terminal, panicled, 

 spreading, leafy. p -^y Barclay 



2191. To illustrate the 

 fruit - bearing of the 

 black Raspberry. 



stem on the left grew in 

 1891), the fruit -bearing 

 shoot (B) grew in 1900; 

 and at the close of the 

 season of 1900,the whole 

 cane had died or be- 

 come very weak. If the 

 eane had been examined 

 in the spring of 1900, the 

 bud would have been 

 seen (as above A) from 

 which was to grow the 

 fruit-bearing shoot. 



id the rest to 

 .in the 4 or 5 

 lowers being 

 stamens in a 



Iticida, Linn. Tender shrub: 1 

 ones silky: peduncles about a thi 

 corolla bell-shaped. S. Africa. 



vs. ovate, the younger 

 rd as long as the lvs. : 

 B.R. 32:40. 



RtTBUS (Latin name, ultimately connected with 

 ruber, red). RosAcete. Bramble. Blackberries and 

 R.VSPBERRIES. A most variable and puzzling genus, 

 containing perhaps 200 fairly well-marked species and 

 numberless intermediate forms. As many as 1,500 spe- 

 cies have been described. The genus is particularly 

 strong in Europe, where the greatest number of specific 

 names have been made (see Wi-ihe & Nees, "Rubi 

 Germanici," 1822-7; F(H-kf. "Synopsis Ruborum Germa- 

 nic, " 1877; BabbinL.'l..n, "Brilish Rubi." 1869; W. M. 

 Rogers, "Key to the British Kul.i. ■Mourn. Botany. 1892). 

 Focke describes 72 species inhabitiiiL' i;.\-ni:niv. There 

 is also a large extension of the genus ill iln 1 1 m-iil.ivan 

 region, about 50 species being recoKiii < ! i M i I ■■ kt-r 

 admits 41 species In the "Flora of Bill I llie 



speciesextendeastwardintoChinaand I 1] i: M. n -l,v, 

 in his "Flora of China," admits 41 siMrn^. In Japan, 

 Franchet and S.ivatier admit 22 spi'-iis. In North 

 America, about 40 species are now rec-nizi ,1. Inii they 

 have not been studied critically, and it is ]ir.il.alili- that 

 many more specific types will be recognized in the near 

 future. No end of species could be made, but it is 

 doubtful whether a great multiplication of species- 

 names would contribute anything more than confusion 

 to the literature and knowledge of the genus. There is 

 no monograph of the American species. The species 

 that are valuable for their fruits are reviewed by Card in 

 "Bush-Fruits" and by the present writer in "Sketch of 

 the Evolution of our Native Fruits," 1898. Rubus is 

 widely distributed in the northei-n lieinisj.licre. particu- 

 larly in temperate and warm-tern; )»• rati parts. Some 

 of them are alpine and arctic. In troi.iral ■.uiniriis the 

 genus is relatively poorly represented, ttlivcr admits 

 only 4 in the "Flora of Tropictil Alrua. ' i inly 2 species 

 are described in Grisebach's "I'lma -d' tin' British West 

 Indies." Baker admits 3 spt-ei.s in i|„. -Ilura of Mau- 

 ritius and the Spvchellos." llillil.rand di-vcrilies 3 spe- 

 cies in "Flora nf 'tl.,- Hav.-aiian Islands." The southern 



hemisphiT.- I I ' - '■■-. I '.fiii ham's "Flora Austra- 



liensis"lia^ Kirks "Flora of New Zea- 



land" mni;.. :,;i-i.i„i>is species. There are 



also .^ spri;' 'i< irilM d ill llarNcy and Sender's work 

 (■■I'liiia ( apin i.'i on the flora of the Cape of Good 



Kiil.ii- i- . j.i-i Iv allied to Rosa, from which it differs 

 i-liirilv in Ihi- structure of the flower. In Rosa, the 

 torus is hollow ( formerly said that the calyx is hollow 

 or urn-shaped) and contains the dry fruits or akenes. 

 In Rubus the torus is convex, conical or elongated, and 

 bears the mostly soft or pulpy fruits on its surface. 

 Rubi are chiefly shrubs with stems (canes) that die 



