RUBUS 



many feet long and recurving or half climbing but 

 sometimes erect : Ifts. 3-5, ovate or rhomb - ovate, 

 coarsely toothed, thickish, pubescent to white -downy 

 beneath; petioles and usually the midribs beneath bear- 

 ing prickles: fis. in terminal panicles, white or pink, 

 showy, the buds white-pubescent: fr. black or dull red, 



the calyx reflexed, edible but little prized Europe, 

 where it is common m fields and hedges As a cult 

 plant, known chiefly in the double-fld. form (as 2i. pom 

 pdnius). Gn. 34, p. 234. Sometimes known as J?. sp«c- 

 tabilis in gardens. 



20. laciniitUS, Willd. (i?. friitiedsns, var. laeiniAtus, 

 Hort.). CuT-LEA%-ED or Evergreen Blackberry. Fig. 

 2203. A tall, straggling bush with permanent or peren- 

 nial canes in mild climates, and leaves more or less 

 evergreen, the stems provided with recurved prickles : 

 Ifts. 3, broadly ovate in general outline, cut into several 



RUBUS 1583 



apparently only a cut-leaved form of the common Euro- 

 pean Mubus fniticosus. It is now widely scattered, 

 and seems to thrive particularly well in Hawaii and other 

 Pacific islands and on the Pacific slope. By some it 

 is supposed to be native to the South Sea Islands (see 

 Bull, tii, Utah Exp. Sta.). It is probable that the plant 

 has been introduced into the West from those sources, 

 but such fact does not prove its original nativity. It 

 has aroused considerable attention in Oregon and other 

 parts of the West, and is often known as the Oregon 

 Everbearing Blackberry. In mild climates the lower 

 parts of the canes often live from year to year until 

 they become as thick as one's wrist; and in such cli- 

 mates the leaves persist for the greater part of the 

 winter. The plant has long been grown for ornament in 

 the eastern states, but it has not attracted attention as 

 a fruit-plant in this region. The fruits are of fair size 



and quality, and ripen from 

 to October. The plant is a g 

 ornamental subject, although 

 is likely to cause trouble by 

 sprouting at the root. 



21. Canad6nsis,Linn. (-B.il/j77 

 spa nqli 

 Blac: 

 bust 



ft. high), the 

 nearly or quite spine^ 

 less : Ifts, 

 ovate to ovate-lance- 

 olate, 



and 

 nearly evenly ser- 

 ; stipules usually / 



2200. Rubus neelectus. 

 The Caroline Raspberry, 



so; fls. in terminal panicles, white or blush, the calyx 

 and pedicels pubescent or even tomentose: fr. usually 

 thimble-shaped, late, black, often excellent. Gn. 21, p. 

 57; 45, p. 78. -This Blackberry is probably native to 

 Europe, where it has been long known in gardens. It is 



100 



prominent, narrow : 

 fls. large, white, in 



likT'neLTy glabrou^ «"»• •'""- -oidentaWs (X V,). 

 clusters, on slender '^'"' original of the cultivated Black 

 spreading pedicels: Kaspbernes. No. 18. 



fr. black, almost globular to short-oblong, usually juicy 

 and good. Eastern Canada, through the high lands of 

 New England, New York and Michigan to mountains 

 of North Carolina.— Not in cultivation, except in botanic 

 gardens and amateurs' collections. 

 Groiip S. Glandular Blackberries, with stout, thorny 

 biennial canes and prominently glandular-pubescent 

 iv florescence. 



22. nigrobiccus, Bailey (B. t'i7/dsus. Authors, 

 not Ait. ). Common High-bcsh Blackberry of 

 the North. Figs. 2204-6. Canes tall, recurving 

 at the ends, furrowed, the young parts promi- 

 nently glandular-pubescent, the spines usually 

 large and more or less hooked: Ifts. 3-5, ovate- 

 acuminate or sometimes lance -ovate, long- 

 stalked (at least in the largest Ivs.), the ter- 

 nainal one often heart-shaped at base, the mar- 

 gins nearly regularly strong-serrate, the under 

 surface glandular-pubescent: fls. white, showy, 

 the petals narrow, borne in a long, open ra- 

 ceme - like cluster of which the 

 terminal flower is usually the old- 

 est, each pedicel standing at 

 nearly right angles to the rachis : 

 fr. black, oblong (varying to 

 nearly globular) , usually not very 

 juicy, sweet and aromatic. Every- 

 where in old fields and clearings 

 in the northeastern states, at 

 common elevations, extending 

 south to North Carolina and west 

 to Iowa, Kansas and Missouri.— 

 Known in cultivatidn in the "Long-cluster Blackber- 

 ries " as Taylor and Ancient Briton. Var. alblnus, Bailey, 

 the "White Blackberry," is a state in which the fruits 

 are amber-colored and the bark yellowish green; occa- 

 sionally as far west as Michigan, and probably farther. 



