1584 



RUBUS 



Var. aatlvus, Bailey {R. satlims, Brainerd). Fig. 

 2207; also Fig. 237, Vol. I. Generally lower and the 

 canes more erect: Ifts. broader (or at least shorter) and 

 less prominently pointed : fl. -clusters shorter (usually 

 from the elongation of the lower pedicels or the upper 

 ones remaining short) : fr. rounder, and the drupelets 

 usually relatively larger and juicier. Dry, open fields. 



2203. Rubus laciniatus (X 



—Distinct in its extreme forms, but running into the 

 species by all manner of intermediate gradations. From 

 this plant the common "Short-cluster Blackberries" of 

 the garden appear to be derived, as Snyder, Kittatinny, 

 Erie, etc. 



23. Allegheni6nsl3, Porter (if. villdstis, var. mon- 

 iclnus and B. 'montdnus, Porter, not Wirtg.). Very like 

 S. nigrobaccus, and perhaps only a mountain state of 

 a cosmopolitan type : plant smaller, usually less prickly : 

 branches and leaf -stalks usually reddish, and all young 

 growths very glandular-pubescent: Ivs. mostly smaller, 

 very long-pointed, closer-toothed; fl.-clusters usually 

 smaller: fr. small, long and narrow, tapering towards 

 the top, the drupelets many and small, not very juicy 

 but of good flavor. In mountains and highlands, Ontario 

 to Virginia.— Common on the higher elevations, afford 

 ing much edible fruit. In its typical form, as seen in 

 the wild, it is very distinct from S. nigrobaccus, pai 

 ticularly in its fruit. 



24. heterophyllus, Willd. Fig. 238, Vol I B nigio- 

 baccusxB. villosus, in many forms both wild and culti 

 vated. In cultivation this hybrid class is represented 

 by the "Loose-cluster Blackberries," as Wilson, Wilson 

 Jr., and Rathbun. The plants are usually half erect, 

 thorny, mostly more or less glandular pubescent on the 

 young growths: Ifts. broad and 

 jagged: fl.-clusters small and 

 usually forking, with long pedi- 

 cels: fr. rather loose-grained, 

 with large drupelets. The plant 

 is not infrequent in regions in 

 which both B. nigrobaccus and 

 B. villosus grow. It is usually 

 easily distinguished by the half- 

 erect habit and irregularly 

 toothed and jagged Ifts. which 

 are not long - acuminate 

 some cases, the bushes natur- 

 ally stand 3-4 ft. high. 

 Group 4. Leafy-cluster Black- 

 berries, with little or no glan- 

 dular pubescence and short 

 flower ■ clusters that have 

 more or less small Ivs. inter- 

 mixed. 



25. argiitus, Link {B. frondd- 

 sus, Bigel. B. villdsus, var. 

 fronddsus, Torr. B.snber^ctus. 

 Hook.). Fig. 2208. Very like 

 B. nigrobaccus in habit, but 



RUBUS 



usually stiff er in growth, the young parts and under sur- 

 faces of Ivs. only rarely glandular though usually pubes- 

 cent, the canes generally very thorny: Ivs. often smaller 

 and stiffer, the Ifts. short -pointed, the petioles and 

 midribs conspicuously thorny: fl.-clusters short and 

 leafy: fr. globular or short-oblong, black, usually good. 

 Mostly in open places, from New Brunswick to Lake 

 Superior and south to the Gulf. — Our most cosmopolitan 

 Blackberry, and presenting innumerable forms. The 

 plants described by Link and Bigelow had rather few 

 and straightish spines, but some forms bear very strong 

 hooked spines, and between these two forms there are 

 all gradations. The species is much in need of critical 

 study. In cultivation it is represented in Early Harvest 

 and a few other varieties. 



26. fl6ridus, Tratt. (B. argii,tus,vax. fUridus, Bailey). 

 Canes armed with hooked prickles: pedicels and ca- 

 lyx pubescent, sometimes glandular : floral Ivs. small, 

 mostly wedge-obovate and obtuse: fl. -cluster small, 

 with short (often very short) slender pedicels: fi.-buds 

 small and globular, white - pubescent (particularly on 

 the edges of the sepals): fls. large, with broad mostly 

 overlapping petals. Evol. Native Fruits, Fig. 91.— 

 What the writer takes to be this species seems to be 

 common in southern Mississippi, and perhaps also in 

 Alabama. How distinct it may be is only to be de- 

 termined by careful studies in the field; but in its 

 typical forms it is readily separated from B. argutus. 

 It seems to be less erect (often climbing?) than B. 

 argutus. 



27. Rilndii (B. argiitus, var. Bdndii, Bailey). Fig. 

 2209. Low and wide-spreading (usually less than 3 ft.), 

 sometimes becoming procumbent, with few or almost no 

 prickles, the canes often almost herbaceous: Ivs. very 

 thin, usually becoming nearly or quite glabrous beneath, 

 the teeth coarse, sharp and unequal, the Ifts. on the 

 young canes acuminate : fl. -cluster small and simple, 

 commonly with a large simple leaf at the base, the pedi- 

 cels long and slender and only slightly (if at all) pubes- 

 cent: fr. small, usually rather dry, but sometimes juicy 

 and good. Shady places, as in woods and thickets. New 

 Brunswick to Lake Superior; to be looked for in the 

 mountains of Carolina.— It impresses one as a weak 

 woods form, sometimes seeming nearest if. Canadensis 

 but oftenest suggesting B. nigrobaccus ; but it seems 

 to hold its characters better than most Blackberries. 



12. Cultivated form of Rubus occidentalis.— The Greee Raspberry (X Ya) 



