SAGITTARIA 



regions. Most of the species have arrow-shaped leaves, 

 whence the name. They are useful for foliage effects 

 in bogs and shallow ponds, and also for their white 

 buttercup-like flowers, which are borne in successive 

 small whorls on an erect scape. They are mostly used 

 for colonizing in the open, but S. Montevideusia — now 

 the most popular species— is grown in indoor aquaria or 



SAINTPAULIA 



1597 



22J6. Common Arrowhead— Saeittaria lalifolia (X K). 

 Commonly known as 5. variabilis. 



plunged in open ponds in the summer. The arrowheads 

 are perennials of easy culture, although likely to be 

 infested with aphis. Prop, by division, or sometimes 

 by seeds. 



Plants of mostly erect habit, the Ivs. and scapes aris- 

 ing from more or less tuberous or knotted rootstocks : 

 Ivs. typically arrow-shaped, with long basal lobes, but 

 sometimes long and linear: fls. imperfect, monoscious 

 (staminate fls. usually in the iippermost whorls) or di- 

 CEcious, with 3 white broad petals and 3 small greenish 

 sepals, the stamens and pistils numerous, the latter 

 ripening into small akenes : inflorescence composed of 

 successive whorls of 3-stalked fls. Sometimes the Ivs. 

 are floating. 



A. Sepals of pistillate fls. (usualli/ in the lower 

 u-horls) erect after floireriiig, and the pedicels of 

 these fls. thick: carpels not glandular. 

 Montevid^nsis, Cham. & Schlecht. Giant Arkow- 

 HEAD. Very large, sometimes growing G ft. tall, with 

 leaf-blades 1-2 ft. long: Ivs. arrow-shaped, with long, 

 diverging, sharp basal lobes; fls. very large (- to nearly 

 3 in. across), the rounded petals white with a purple 

 blotch at the base. Argentina to Brazil. Chile and Peru. 

 B.M. 6755. Gn. 27:473. I. H. 31:543. -First known as a 

 cult, plant from seeds sent to England in 1883 from 

 Buenos Ayres by .John B.all. It is now a popular plant 

 for afjuaria and lily ponds. Tender to frost. It is spar- 

 ingly naturalized in the southern parts of the U. S., on 

 both the Atlantic and Pacific sides. 



AA. Sepals of pistillate fls. reflexed after flowering: 

 pedicels of these fls. slender: carpels somewhat 



B. Bracts at base of whorls united, as if only 1. 



puBilla, Nntt. (S. ndtans, in part. S. subuWa, Buch.). 

 Slender and simple, usually only a few inches high: 

 Ivs. linear or narrowly oblanceolate, rigid: fls. few, 

 usually in 1 whorl, white, }4-% in. across, the filaments 

 broad. N. Y. to Ala., along the coast.— Offered by 

 dealers in native plants. 



EB. Bracts S, at base of the u'horls. 

 c. Ijvs. usually distinctly sagittate. 



latiJiUa, Willd. (S. variabilis, Engelm. S. sagittce- 

 fdlia,vaLr. variabilis, Mich's..). Fig. 2226. Very variable 

 in stature and shape of Ivs., ranging from a few inches 

 to 3-4 ft. tall: Ivs. mostly broad-sagittate with long 

 basal lobes, but running into very narrow forms: fls. 

 clear white, about 1 in. across, usually moncecious, the 

 filaments slender: akene winged, with a lateral or ob- 

 lique beak. Common everywhere in margins of ponds 

 and lakes, and offered by dealers in native plants for 

 colonizing in bog gardens and in lily ponds. 



sagittaefolia, Linn. Old World Arrowhead. 

 Rhizome thick and tuberous, stolon-bearing: Ivs. broad 

 and sagittate, very variable in form and size: scapes 

 erect, simple or branched, overtopping the Ivs.: bracts 

 narrow-ovate, free or slightly connate at base, shorter 

 than the pedicels: petals large, white; filaments gla- 

 brous: akene nearly or quite orbicular and in this re- 

 spect differing from thv allied Aiiii-rican species. 

 Throughout Europe an.l A~i:i.-l'.y -cnie authors the 

 American S. latifolia an.l i.fli. is air ccusidered to be 

 con-speciHc. There is a lunn \i iili duulde fls. (var. flore- 

 plenOyBoTt. S. J'tpr,ii;.-<i . llMit.i. i<. Chinensis of most 

 trade lists is apiiariiiily ..in ..t the many forms of this 

 species. There appears tn In. another S. Chinensis in 

 the trade, with laneei.Iaie Ivs., the botanical position of 

 which is undetermined. 



cc. Lvs. usually oblong or linear and not sagittate. 



D. Filaments slender, tapering upward, cobwebby. 



lancUdlia, Linn. Erect and somewhat rigid, glabrous, 

 the scape sometimes reaching 5 ft. : lvs. lanceolate to 

 narrow-oblong to nearly linear, nerved from the thick 

 midrib: fls. white, in several whorls. Swamps, Del. to 

 the tropics. 



DD. Filaments abruptly broadened, pubescent. 



graminea, Michx. Erect and simple, glabrous, 2 ft. 



or less high: lvs. reduced to phyllodia, flat, broad-linear 



to lance-elliptic, pointed: fls. small, white, in 2 or 3 



■"'borls. L. H. B. 



SAGO PALM. Consult Cycas. 



SAINFOIN, or SAINTFOIN. Onobrychis vicicefolia. 



ST. ANDREWS CROSS. Ascyrum Crux-Andre<e. 



ST. DABEOC'S HEATH. See Dabcecia. 



ST. GEORGE'S HERB. Valeriana officinalis. 



ST. JOHN'S BREAD. Ceratonia Siliqua. 



ST. JOHN'S-WORT. See Hypericum ; also Sym- 



ST. PATRICK'S CABBAGE. Saxifraga umbrosa. 



SAINTPAtTLIA (from the discoverer of the plant. 

 Baron Walter von Saint Paul). Gesnerdcew. Usambaea 

 Violet. A monotypic genus from eastern tropical 

 Africa, where it was found grnwini,- in wooded places in 

 fissures of limestone and L-raiiite r.i.ks, in rich, light 

 soil. It is a steraless liaiiy lieieiinial lierb with short- 

 petioled ovate or oblou^-enrdate h <. 1-2 in. long and 

 nodding blue fls. 1 in. acmss, Imnie in stout peduncled 



