1610 



SAMBUCUS 



A. Color of fruit black or hlackish. 



B. Fruit not glaucous. 



C. Seight 12-25 ft. when full grown. 



nigra, Linn. Comsion European Elder. A large 



shrub or small tree, 12-25 ft. high, with rough bark; 



old wood liard, yellow, finegrained: Ifts. 5-9: fls. in 



SAMPHIRE 



cx\ Height 5-12 ft. 

 Canadensis, Linn. Common American or Sweet Elder. 

 Fig. 2247. Shrubby, 5-12 ft. high; wood with white pith 

 occupying the greater part of the stem: Ivs. pinnate- 

 Ifts. 5-11, smooth: fls. white, in a flat cyme: fr. black. 

 June. July. Fruit ripe Aug., Sept. Var. aurea has yel- 

 low foliage. Var. variegata 1 



ings. Var. 1 



isl, wl,i 



ously cut an.l iiuliiitcl. Vur. glailca 

 has whitish hairs on tlio k-aves. Gng. 

 G:88. Gu. 55, p. 3«5. B.B. a:L'2S.-This 

 is the common Elder, blooming in mid- 

 summer, and one of the choicest of 

 native shrubs although seldom appre- 

 ciated. The flowers are fragrant. 



BB. Fruit glaucous, i.e., strongly 

 whitened with a mealtj bloom. 



glatioa, Nutt. Arborescent, 6-18 ft. 

 high, glabrous throughout: Ifts. 5-9, 

 ovate to narrowly oblong. Pacific coast 

 east to Idaho and Nev. Seed offered 

 1901 in S. Calif. Gn. 53, p. 68. 



AA. Color of fruit red. 

 B. Petioles glabrous. 

 racembsa, Linn. Lfts. oblong-acu- 

 minate, unequal at the base: fls. pani- 

 culate. Native of Eu. -Asia and closely 

 resembles the next ; perhaps a little 

 taller and the twigs usually 4-angled. 

 Vars. in the trade are plumosa, plu- 

 mdsa aiiiea and lacini&ta, which are 

 not equal in value to similar forms of 

 •S. nigra, var. laciniata. Var. adrea, 

 which is being sent out in 1901, 

 seems to belong to this species. 

 BB. rttiohs pubescent. 



Red-berried Elder. 

 rood thicker than in 

 pith brown ; bark 



p\:ibens, Michx. 

 Height 5-7 ft.; ■ 

 6-. Camiih'Hsi.-:, 

 warty: lfts. 5-7 

 paniculate cyme^ 



, May. 



adens 



II in nower. N. Amer. 

 B.B. 3:228. — The American representa- 

 tive of S. raeemosa, and by many 

 considered to be identical with that 

 species. jqhn F. Cowell. 



SAMPHIRE ( (7ri»i mum maritimum ) 

 is the name corrupted from sampler. 

 itself a corruption of tlie French tiaiiif 

 Piirrr (St. Peter), triven to a silccu- 



high tide 

 nel, parsle 

 It belongs 

 pla 



2247. Common Elder, bloominE in summer— Sambucus Canade 



flat 5-rayed cymes: fr. black or dark green.— May, June. 

 The following horticultural vars. are sufficiently distin- 

 guished by their names: arg6ntea, adrea, heterophylla, 

 laciniata, pulverul^nta, pyramidalis, rotundiSdlia, varie- 

 g4ta. Of these var. aur,<, U ilistinct by reason of its 

 yellow foliage; laciniitln and h. fmijilinlla by reason 

 of variously cut lfts., inakius them very effective in 

 mass planting. Var. variegata is not constant in its 

 variegation. S. heterophylla, laciniata, variegata, etc., 

 of trade catalogues, are presumably varieties of S. 

 nigra. 



r..,.kv coasts abo've 

 Hrit'ain as sea-fen- 



lul St. Peter's herb. 



aniily Umbelliferw. 



attain a height of 

 1-2 ft., have somewhat finear, 

 glaucous-green, fleshy leaves, M in. 

 long, small, white or yellowish flowers, 

 which appear in umbels during July, 

 and oblong, yellowish, fennel - like, 

 smallish seeds of light weight, which 



germinating power witliiii a vear. For 

 more than three centurii's the crisp and 

 aromatic leaves aii.l y.,>ii,- st.-ms gath- 

 ered in August or S(|,iriiilici- Iwive 

 been used in salads and vinegar i.i(']\li -. Siuiiphiro 

 rarely reaches perfection in gardens l;ir- Iriiii ili.' vca- 

 coast, unless grown upon sandy or ui-;i\(ll\- >oil. :niii 

 watered frequently and plentifully with weak salt and 

 soda solutions. It may be propagated by root division, 

 but better by sowing tlie seed as soon as ripe, the plants 

 being thinned to stand from 1-1% ft. asunder in rows 

 2-2K ft. apart. 



Golden Samphire (Inula critlimifolia), a native of the 

 marshes and sea-coast of Great Britain, is an erect 

 hardy perennial, 1-lK ft. tall, with small, fleshy leaves 



