SOLANUM 



and wait. Every cutting will grow. When in a robust 

 condition it is a gross feeder. It should be in the full 

 sun, though it does well anywhere." 



S. belacevm. Cav., is Cyphomandra. for which see Vol. l.—S. 

 cermtnm, Velloz., is a shrub or small tree, with cyphomandra- 

 like Ivs. and the yming part'* clothe! with chaffy b,iirs: fls. 

 white: fr. globose, hairy, inil,..,., I ill til. • calyx. S.Brazil. B.M. 

 " nliitmn, ham. st.mt li. rli ..r subshrub, 1-2 ft. tall. 



with prickly s 



fls. white. 



2342. Solanum Wendlandii. Much reduced. 



or less across; fr. 2 in. or more across, flattened on the ends, 

 corrugated, scarlet, showy. Porto Rico. F.S. 19:1988. P.M. 

 1871:521. R.B. 20, p. 249. R.H. 1888, p. 78. Perhaps a form of 

 S. aculeatissimum, Jaeq.— S. cor?iti(Hm, Lam. (S. Fontanesia- 

 num, Hort.). Annual, 1-2 ft., very spiny, with pinnatifld Ivs., 

 the lobes again lobed and obtuse; fls. golden yellow: fr. small, 

 spiny. Mex. G.C. III. 22:311.— S. crfsptim, Ruiz & Pav. Erect 

 or half -climbing woody shrub, with simple ovate-oblong entire 

 or undiilate Ivs., and large clusters of pale purple red-ribbed fls. 

 an inch across. Chile. B..M.37S).i. B.R. 18:1516. L.B.C.20:1959. 

 Gn. 44:919; 51. p. 230. Half-hardy verj' beautiful climber.— S. 

 Z)i((camrirff, Linn. Bittersweet. Scrambling vine of the Old 

 World, but naturalized about dwellings and along roads and 

 even in swamps: Ivs. cordate-ovate, some of them ear-lobed at 

 the base : lis. small, nodding, star-like, blue, succeeded by 

 showy oblong red shining berries.— .S. I'fnsile. Sendt. Climber, 

 allied to S. Dulcamara: Ivs. cordat-- ov;itr, sitnpl,- and entire; 

 lis. blue, 1 in, across, deeply lolie.l, in 1..,,- ,,,,,iir!,s or racemes; 

 berry globose, size of a pea, pnr;ii.>. i ,ui;iii:t riiul the Amazon, 



Pier. 

 ; and pretty for its fruits 



Fran. 



SOLDANfiLLA (Latin, a small coin; referring to the 

 shape of the Ivs.). Primuldceif. About 4 species of 

 alpine plants 2-3 in. high, with nodding, funnel-shaped, 

 fringed flowers of violet or purplish blue, and about K- 

 % in. across. Soldanellas are amongst the most famous 

 flowers of the Alps, though not the commonest. S. al- 

 pina ascends the mountains to the line of perpetual 

 snow. Grant Allen, in "Flashlights on Nature," de- 

 clares that the flower of Soldanella actually thaws its 

 way up through a solid block of ice. Soldanellas are 

 cultivated in this country only in a few large rock gar- 

 dens. Those who have "limited resources and dwell in 

 the region of changeable winters might attempt to grow 

 these plants in pots under a frame in lieu of nature's 

 winter covering. According to J. B. Keller, they prefer 

 a half-shady or shady position and are prop, by seed or 

 division. 



Soldanellas are native only to the Alps of middle 

 Europe. They are slender, glabrous, perennial herbs, 

 with short rhizomes: Ivs. long-stalked, thick, roundish, 

 with a heart-shaped or kidney-shaped base, entire: 

 scapes slender, solitary or few, about 6 in. high or less: 

 calyx 5 -parted; corolla 5-cut. The descriptions of the 



SOLENANTHUS 1681 



species are here adopted from Koch's Synopsis Flora* 

 GermaniciB. Some white-flowere.l forms have been re- 

 corded. 



A. Fls. 2-4 on a scape : corolla .■<plil half waij to the 



base; filaments half as lun.j as anthir.s. 



B. Pedicels pubescent. 



montina, Willd. Lvs. roundish; margin slightly and 



remotely crenate : fls. violet. May-July. 



BB, Pedicels roughish. 



alplna, Linn. Fig. 2343. Lvs. roundish; base more 



or less kidney -shaped; margin entire or somewhat 



wavy: fls. violet, with darker streaks. May. B.M. 49. 



G.C. II. 24:457. 



AA. Fls. solitary : corolla split a third of the ivay to 

 the base: filaments about as long as anthers. 

 B. Pedicels roxtgliish. 

 pusilla, Baumg. Base of lvs. heart-shaped or kidney- 

 shaped; margin somewhat wavy: fls. copper-colored, 

 verging on blue, the fringes straight, not spreading. 

 May. 



BB. Pedicels pubescent. 

 minima, Hoppe. Lvs. roundish : fls pale lilac, streaked 

 purple inside; the fringes spreading at the tips. June, 

 •J^'y- W. M. 



SdLEA (after W. Sole, author of a monograph of the 

 mints of England). Viol&cece. A single species native 

 to the eastern U. S., an herbaceous perennial 1-2 ft. high, 

 with mostly oblong, narrowly acuminate leaves 3-5 in. 

 long, and small nodding greenish flowers solitary or in 

 pairs in many of the leaf-axils : sepals linear and equal ; 

 petals nearly equal, connivent nearly their entire length, 

 the lower one much larger, saccate at the base, emargi- 

 nate at the broad apex; stamens with broad connectives 

 wholly connate into an ovoid sac open only between the 

 free tips, a rounded or 2-lobed scale-like gland adnate 

 to the base anteriorly. 



cfincolor, Ging. (lonidium cdncolor, Benth. & Hook.). 

 May, June. Moist woods. B.B. 2:456. — Is offered by 



collectors. 



F. W. Barclay. 



SOLENANTHUS (Greek, lube and flower; referring 

 to the form of the corolla). Borraginicece. About 15 

 species of perennial herbs from Europe and Asia with 

 alternate leaves and blue or rosy flowers either in long. 



^-' ^ *-P;r=^^^'-._3tt9lU' 



2343. SoldaneUa alpina (X }^) 



simple, bracted racemes or in shorter, bractless, scir- 

 pioid, panicled racemes: calyx 5-parted; segments nar- 

 row, but little enlarged in fruit; corolla tubular, the 

 lobes short, erect or somewhat spreading; stamens ex- 

 serted: ovary-lobes 4, distinct: nutlets 4. 



