1728 



STORAGE 



"The fruit house is built on high and dry ground. 

 The cellar was three feet, and dirt taken from this was 

 used to bank up around the wall. The wall is solid 

 stone and mortar, is 5 feet hii;li, 2'.; fi-et wide at the 

 bottom, and 2 fr.' I ni iIm' i^ii: :' in.-li [.I:iiil.. I'.ir -ill-i'ii 

 this, bedded in > , ' 



2 by 4 studdiiij 



pine, then papi i u^ r, .,.i| ■,-. |.. ,, ,., 



middle of stmiaiuy. i.iik ^u.d pla,--ur, u^.^iUi ..i .-.uuKlu.g, 

 matched pine, thuu paper, and then ^J-iuch sheathing, 

 painted. This gives two hollow walls, or dead-air 

 spaces. For ventilating, there is one ventilator from cel- 

 lar to the observatory on top of building, which has 

 four large window frames, with blinds, but no tight 

 windows. The ventilator opens into both storage rooms. 

 We have three 18-inch windows on east and west sides 

 of building in the cellar, and three large windows in 

 west side, next to storeroom. Both floors are double, 

 with paper between and the second room is ceiled over 

 head with matched spruce and painted The two win 

 dows on east side show in cut with the outside doors 



The followm" si ftch f i h me stono-e plint i re 

 printed f 11 m Pull 4 -« \ t 1 x] ei m ent ^t t i 1\ 



L. C. Corbett In localities where 

 plentiful, a satisfactory, durable and moderate - cost 

 house can be built in the form of a bank cellar by using 

 these stone in cement, making a grout wall. Such a 

 wall can be constructed by unskilled workmen if prop- 

 erly laid out in the beginning. The plan to follow is to 

 use broad 2-inch planks, held in place by substantial 

 staging to form a box having a width of the thickness 

 of the desired wall — say 18 or 22 Inches. Into this box 

 lay the dry stones, arranging them somewhat if large, 

 but if small they may be thrown in with a shovel. Put 

 in a layer 6 to 10 inches thick, then pour in thin mortar 

 composed of good lime and cement until the box is filled 

 sufficiently to imbed the stone. Repeat the operation, 

 moving the planks upwards as the mortar sets until a 

 wall of desired height has been built. Silo walls have 

 been built in this fashion which were 22 feet tall, and 

 were as solid as one continuous stone when completed. 

 The mortar must be thin and rich in lime or cement. 

 Lime will answer, but it is slower to set than cement, 

 and for that reason less desirable. Such a wall can be 

 built for about one-half the cost of the ordinary rubble 

 wall, and will answer in every way as well. 



"Ample means of v. iiiihifiMi, 'mu^t li.- lu-ovided in 



STORAGE 



at either side of the building, with the storage room 



between and below the ice rooms. See plan of such an 



arrangement in Figs. 2408 and side elevation in Pig. 2409. 



"The stone wall must Ii;ive a lining' in order to pro- 



\ i^Ii' :i M. ail nil- -|i:h'c 1h I H r, II ii iiii.l I i h ■ stcrage room. 



'!"■ . ■: I . .■!,■>.' I. 1, , .: , : ^ alilhig against 



i'l.' waterproof 



a;; v.iili li.M.nii;^. Tlii., iMll f^r.e iHo ,,iiiall air spaces 

 between the stone or brick wall and the storage 

 chamber. See Fig. 2409, cross section of such a wall. 

 The ice chambers should extend the whole length of the 

 building or storeroom. They may be as narrow as six 

 feet, but eight feet will increase their capacity and cool- 

 ing power. The floors in these rooms should be made 

 of metal overlaid with 2x4's set on edge, the metal 

 floor so arranged as to allow a free passage of air from 

 the ice chamber into the storage room. As cold air 

 naturally falls the slat floor in the second-story ware- 

 room will give direct circulation into the lower ware- 

 room and both be cooled m consequence. The floor 

 tructure mu t \ troi i 1 w ell braced so as to carry 

 tlie he \^ 1 iljl 1 ] Heavy staging carrying 



\ I 1 irhes apart, and floored 



1 \ 1 iich apart, will give am- 



1 II It f r the ice chambers and 



Lond story wareroom. The roof to 



the second story room should be built 



as to make it as near a non-conduc- 

 t r of heat as possible. Dead-air spaces 

 ue the cheat est and most easily con- 



tructed non ccndiictors. This is essen- 

 ti d m the ceiling, as it has the double 

 luty to perform of holding the cold in 

 n 1 kee] nig the heat out. A large, 

 ell ventilated attic space sliould be 

 I 1 jvided and if possible, a shingle or 

 lite roof used in place of metal. The 

 ling in the second story must be pro- 



1 led with ventilator shafts carrying 

 o:id dampers so that perfect ventilation 

 m be secured during cold weather. 



Provision should be made the winter 

 before for sufficient ice to cool the ware- 

 looms e ich fall before the fruit is 

 brought m from the orchard. This will 

 necessitate the construction of a reser- 

 voir and ice house with capacity sufB- 

 cient to fill the ice chambers. It is not 

 advisable m the writer's judgment, to 

 use the ice chambers as ice houses for storing ice; they 

 are merely ice chests to be used to cool the warerooms 

 and fruit as it comes from the orchard. Consequently 

 they can be made much smaller than would be neces- 

 sary were they to serve the double purpose of cold 

 chamber and ice house." 



Many small storage houses, located near railway sta- 

 tions, are now to be seen in the fruit sections of the 

 country. One of these is shown in Fig. 2410. In store- 

 houses, apples are usually stored in barrels that are 

 piled on their sides. Fig. 2411. It is a common practice 

 to re-sort apples in storage. Fig. 2412. L H B 



Eefrigeratlon or cold storage is the name given to the 

 preservation of perishal le products, such as fiuits and 

 other organic foodstuffs at a temperature so low as to 

 arrest the action of ferments and mould and yet not low 

 enough to destrov the flavor or cellular structure of the 



that 



ing the temperature uf iIm> 

 Sewer pipes leading Imi' -■■ 

 and provided with prcip. r >! 

 effectively used to assKi ii 

 during frosty nights. In a 

 story of the house shouM I 

 ice rooms, according to the 

 writer is inclined to favor 



M.ssible. 

 ground 

 Ije very 



second 



an abun 1 t 

 process di 1 n 

 e y for produ 

 perfected ^ 

 the devel i] ni 

 volved tl f 

 and thr 1 

 up the I 



drate an 1 

 ployed Aftei 



\ ing organic substances has 

 lest civilizition and while it 

 ent in those localities where 



I by 

 iflcial 



