181^ 



TILLANDSIA 



T. muscbsa, Hort., is Pitcair 

 B.M. 4770, is Pitcairnia Beycalema. The name T. mnscosa has 

 occurred in the trade, but the plant is unknown to the writer. 

 — r Wilsoni. Wats., has been introduced sparingly to cultiva- 

 tion but does not appear to be in the trade. It was discov- 

 ered'in Hernando county, Fla., in 1887 by Dr. W. P. Wilson, of 

 the University ot Pennsylvania: "Stem simple, very short 

 (about K inch); Ivs. numerous, 1 to a or 4 inches long, gradu- 

 ally narrowed from the clasping base to the long-attenuate 

 apes, channeled above, more or less hoary, with minute ap- 

 pressed, peltate, brown-centered scales: peduncle very slen- 

 der recurved, about equaling the Ivs.. with 2 distinct bracts, 

 probably 1-3-lld.: fls. and capsules not seen." This is Sereno 

 Watson's original description, 1888. See Mn. 2. p. 180, and 8, 

 p. 130. for pictures of what purport to be this species.— T. 

 Zdhnii, Hort., is properly Guzmania Zahnii, Mez. Tufted, 

 branching from the base, glabrous throughout 

 about 1 in. broad, crimson striped and yello' 

 paniculate, subtended by scarlet bracts: fls. 

 Rica. B.M. 6059. as Caraguata Zal ■ ' ■ 

 The following names a 

 , fenestralis, guttata 



r; inflorescence 

 yellow. Costa 



accounted for under Vriesia: cari- 

 ieroglyphica, psittacina, Saundersii, 



splendens, tessellata. zebrina (in part). 



L. H. B. 



TIMOTHY. Phleum pratense. 



TINANTIA ftigax, Scheidw., is sometimes seen in 

 old gardens but is not in the trade. It is a tradesean- 

 tia-like herb from tropical America, with blue fls. in 

 bracteolate curved terminal clusters. 1-2 ft. Grown in- 

 doors and out. Known also as Tradescantia erecta, T. 

 undata, T. latifoUa. B.M. 1340. B.R. 17:1403. L.B.C. 

 13:1300- 



TIPUANA (name apparently Latinized from a Bra- 

 zilian name). Leguminbsm. A genus of 3 species of 

 handsome South American trees with oiUl-pinuate Ivs., 

 numerous alternate Ifts. and showy yellow or purplish 

 fls. in loose, terminal panicles. Here belongs the plant 

 recently introduced to southern Calif, as Macluerium 

 Tipu, which Franceschi says yields one of the rose- 

 woods of southern Brazil. 



specidsa, Benth. (MachTerium Tipu, Benth.). Ten- 

 der yellow-fld. tree; Ifts. 11-21, oblong, emarginate, 

 entire, 1% in. long: veins somewhat parallel: standard 

 broadly orbicular: wings very broadly ovate, much 

 larger than the keel: pod veiny. S. Amer. 



TIPULAEIA (Latin, Tipula, a genus of insects, al- 

 luding to the form of the flower). OrchidAcece. Includes 

 2 species of small terrestrial orchids in N. America and 

 the Himalaya region. Herbs with solid bulb, having 

 several generations connected by offsets: leaf solitary, 

 basal, appearing in autumn long after the flowering 

 season: fls. in a long, loose, terminal raceme, green, 

 nodding; sepals and petals similar, spreading: label- 

 lum 3-Iobed, produced into a long spur behind; column 

 erect, wingless or narrowly winged. 



discolor, Nutt. Crane-fly Orchis. Scape 15-20 in. 

 high: leaf ovate, 2-3 in. long, appearing in autumn and 

 often surviving through the winter: raceme 5-10 in.long. 

 loose: fls. green, tinged with purple. July, Aug. Vt. and 

 Mich, to Fla. and La. B.B. 1:480.-Rare. Advertised 

 by dealers in Dutch bulbs. Heinrich Hasselbring. 

 TOAD FLAX. Linaria vulgaris. 

 TOADSTOOL. Consult Mushroom and Fungi. 

 TOBACCO is considered to be an agricultural rather 

 than a horticultural crop and hence is not treated at 

 length in this work. See Nlcotiana for an account of the 

 cultivated species of the genus to which Tobacco belongs. 

 TOCdCA (Tococo is the native name of T. Ouiatien- 

 sis). MelastomUceiB. A genus of 38 species of tropical 

 shrubs native to the northern part of South America, 

 including several handsome foliage plants for hot- 

 houses. Their beauty is similar to that of the well- 

 known Uyanophyllum, for which see Miconia. The Ivs. 

 are usually ample, petiolate, membranous, rarely leath- 

 ery, entire or denticulate, usually 5-nerved: fls. rather 

 large, borne in terminal or sometimes axillary panicles, 

 white, red or rosy, 5-merous, rarely 6-merous; stamens 

 10: ovary 3-loculed, rarely 5-loculed. 



platyphylla, Benth. {Spharogyne latifdlia. Naud.). 

 Short-stemmed plant with succulent, somewhat tortii- 

 ous stem: Ivs. broadly ovate, minutely denticulate-cili- 



TOLMIEA 



ate, 7-nerved : fls. rosy or red: ovary 5-loculed. Colom- 

 bia, Venezuela, Costa Rica. — Cogniaux puts this spe- 

 cies in a section characterized by having the Ivs. desti- 

 tute of vesicles and the calyx not winged. In this sec- 

 tion it is unique by reason of its herbaceous branches 

 with long bristles, especially at the nodes ; the other 

 species of the section have shrubby and glabrous 

 branches. A very beautiful plant, but considered to be 

 difficult to grow. y^_ 5i_ 



Tococa requires a warmhouse temperature, with shady 

 and fairly moist place. Use leaf -mold mixed with 

 fibrous loam, and provide ample drainage. It is best 

 propagated from wh.at are called split joints, or eyes 

 with the leaf rolled up, and inserted in thumb-pots in 

 fine sand with chopped moss ; then insert pot in sand or 

 cocoa fiber, with bottom heat of 75-80". Cover with bell- 

 glass or other inclosure to exclude air and to keep a 

 fairly moist (but not wet) condition. In about two 

 months the cuttings will have rooted. The wood for 

 propagating should be well ripened. 



H. A. Siebrecht. 



TODDALIA (Kaka ToddaU, Malabar name of T. acu- 

 leata). Butllcece. About 8 species of trees, shrubs and 

 climbers native to the Old World tropics and the Cape. 

 Lvs. alternate ; Ifts. in 3's, shining, leathery, full of 

 fine veins, glandular -dotted, with a wavy vein inside 

 the margin: fls. small, copious, in dense panicles; se- 

 pals 4-5, minute; petals 4-5, valvate or imbricate; sta- 

 mens as many, or twice as many, as petals: ovary 4-5- 

 loculed; stigma peltate: fr. hard, coriaceous, globose, 

 permanently syncarpous. In Toddalia proper the petals 

 are valvate, and the stamens as many as the petals; in 

 the subgenus Vepris (name altered from vepres, bram- 

 ble) the petals are imbricate and the st.iraens twice as 

 many as the petals. 



lanceoUta, Lam. (Vepris JanceoWa, A. Juss.). Small 

 tree or large shrub, erect, without prickles, entirely 

 glabrous: petioles 1-2 in.long; Ifts. oblong-lanceolate, 

 2-3 in. long, acute, entire-waved at the edge, %-l in. 

 broad: panicles axillary and terminal, thyrsoid: petals 

 a line long, imbricate; stamens 8, in the male fls. ex- 

 serted: fr. the size of a pea. 4-lobed, fleshy, gland- 

 dotted. Mauritius, Mozambique, Cape. Int. by Rea- 

 soner Bros., 1891. w. M. 



TODfiA (Tode, a German botanist). OsmundAcece. 

 Grape Fern. A genus of ferns related to Osmunda but 

 with the sporangia borne on the under surface of the 

 leaf. The last three species, although frequently united 

 with Todea, more properly form a distinct genus Lep- 

 topteris, differing widely in habit from the original 

 Todea; they form delicate foliage plants resembling 

 the filmy ferns in habit. 



For culture, see Ferns. 



A. Texture leathery : lvs. bipinnate. 



b&Tbara, Moore {T. Africdna, Willd.). Lvs. in a 

 crown rising from a short caudex, 3-4 ft. long, 9-12 in. 

 wide; pinnae erect spreading, sometimes 2 in. wide: 

 sori closely placed, often covering the whole under sur- 

 face at maturity. South Africa to New Zealand. 

 AA. Texture thin: lvs. icith linear divisions. 

 B. livs. tripinnatifid. 



hymenophylloides, Rich. &Less (2*. pe»»ci(?a, Hook.). 

 Lvs. 1-2 ft. long, 8-12 in. wide, lowest pinnEB about as 

 long as the others; rachises mostly naked. New Zea- 

 land. 



supfirba. Col. Lvs. 2-4 ft. long from a woody caudex; 

 pinnte often crisped, the lower gradually reduced; 

 rachises densely tomentose. New Zealand. 

 BB. Xrs. bipinnate. 



Frilseri, Hook. & Grev. Lvs. 1-2 ft. long, from an 

 erect woody caudex 18-24 in. high, lowest pinn» nearly 

 as large as the others: rachis narrowly winged, naked. 

 Australia. l. M. Underwood. 



TOLMIfiA (Dr. Tolmie, surgeon of Hudson Bay Co., 

 at Puget Sound). Saxifragicece. A genus of one spe- 

 cies, a western relative of the Bishop's Cap or Mitella, 



