1822 



TOOLS 



tained effort in that direction is Thomas' "Farm Im- 

 plemetits and Machinery," 1859 and 186'J. Useful hand- 

 books illustrating various farm devices are "Farm Con- 

 veniences" and Martin's "Farm Appliances," both pub- 

 lished by the Orange Judd Company. L. H. B. 



2531. Two type! 



The spike-tooth and spring-i 



TOOTHACHE THEE. See Xanlhoxylum. 

 TOOTH'WORT. English-made name for iJcH^ariVi. 

 TORCH LILY. Kniplwfia 



TORfiNIA (after Olaf Toren, clergyman; traveled in 

 Cliina 1750-.")2 and discovered T. Asialica). ScropJiula- 

 riilcew. About 20 species of annual or perennial herbs, 

 mostly low, branching and somewhat decumbent, with 

 simple, opposite, serrate or crenate leaves and tubular, 

 somewhat 2-lipped flowers in terminal or axillary, few- 

 fld. racemes. The species are mainly from tropical 

 Asia and Africa. Calyx tubular, plicate or 3-5 winged, 

 obliquely 3-5-deutate "or 2-lipped at the top; corolla- 

 tube cylindrical, usually ■ • "■ wider above; posterior 

 lip erect, broad, concave, not^ned or more deeply cut; 

 lower lip large, spreading, with 3 nearly equal lobes; 

 stamens 4, perfect: capsule oblong; seeds numerous, 

 small. 



Torenias are of easy cultivation and are very useful 

 for window-boxes, low iHinlrr* cr ivpii for large masses. 

 The flowers are not lar;;.' l.iit th.- planK are floriferous 



and keep in good leaf and tlnv. rs fi spring to frost. 



T. Fonrnieri has the bf^t iialiit f..r a liedding plant, 

 but it may be bordered with T. ficn-a. The plants are 

 easily raised from seed, but may also be grown from 

 cuttings, which root quickly. 



2532. The hand-wheel hoe, 



2533. A hand sted-s 



A. Fls. n, 



fliva, Bueh.-Ham. {T. 



decumbent and creeping: 



iiilu yellow. 



'Mlloni, Godefr.). Usually 

 vs. 1-2 in. long, ovate to ob- 

 long, coarsely crenate; petiole half as long as the blade 

 or less: fls. axillary and solitary or scattered at the 

 ends of the branches in pairs on an erect racbia; co- 



E. As 



B.M. 



TOO. F. : 

 FU. ma 



'ibj blue or white. 



Asiatica, Linn. Annual, erect or diffuse; stem quad- 

 rangular: Ivs. ovate or ovate - lanceolate, long -acumi- 

 nate, serrate, obtuse, not cordate at the base, rough to 

 the touch: peduncles axillary, single-fld.: corolla large; 

 tube dark purple; limb 4-lobed, of a delicate pale pur- 

 ple-blue, with a dark blotch on 3 of the lobes, without a 

 yellow eve; stamens 4, the 2 longer with a subulate 

 spur. India. B.M. 4249. 



FoumiSri, Linden {T. edinUda, Hort., not Benth.). 

 Fig. 2534. Low, bushy, usually annual, becoming nearly 

 1ft. high: stem 4-angled: Ivs. petioled, cordate-lanceo- 

 late, 1-1^2 in. long, crenate-serrate; petiole >2 in. long; 

 corolla-tube narrow, yellow; corolla-limb 2-lipped, the 

 posterior lip not cut, pnle I»lni% the anterior 3-lobed: 

 lobes round oljtuse. .lark imrpiish blue, the anterior 

 lobe marked with a \. Il..»- l,|,,t.h. LH. 23:249. R.H. 

 1876, p. 4(35. B.M. (;7I7.-Var. alba, Hort. (var. -White 

 Wings) has pure white rt.wcrs. A. P. 5:401. G.M.30:87. 

 Var. grandijldra has somewliat larger fls. and is more 

 free-flowering. In the neighborhood of Philadelphia, 

 self-sown seed sometimes germinates in the spring ; 

 also seeds of T. flava. p_ ^, Barclay. 



Toren id Fonrnieri in Florida is an excellent .substi- 

 tute for the pansy, which is cultivated only with diffi- 

 culty so f;ir soutli. Young plants come up by the hun- 

 ilreiis around the old 

 plants from self-sown 

 seed during the rainy 

 season. The species 

 can also be propagated 

 with great ease by cut- 

 tings. The Torenia 

 shows its full beauty 

 when planted in beds 

 or borders or in masses 

 in front of small ever- 

 green shrubs. It flow- 

 ers abundantly 

 throughout the sum- 



fall' isolated flowers 

 may be found. Tin- 

 best results are ob- 

 tained by treating it 

 as an annual. Any 

 good and rich light 

 soil seems to meet its 

 requirements. It suc- 

 ceeds almost every- 

 where but prefers 

 shade and moisture. 

 It even grows luxuri- 

 antly in wet places 



along ditches and water-courses where forget-me-nots 

 grow in the North. If such localities, however, are very 

 shady, the flowers, though much larger, are neither pro- 

 duced as abundantly nor are they colored so brightly as 

 in sunny situations. On the other hand, it is sometimes 

 found in such dry positions, where only cacti and yuc- 

 cas manage to live, that one can scarcely understand 

 how it is able to succeed. In good soil the Torenia 

 attains a ln-i-!it of from 8 to 10 inches, and when 

 plantiMl alH.ut X inclies apart soon cover the ground en- 

 tirely. There is already a great variety in colors, but 

 the typical plant has beautiful light blue and royal 

 purple flowers, with a bright yellow throat, in texture 

 rivaling the most exquisite velvet. h. Nehrling 



TORNILLO. See Prosopis pnbescens. 



TORRfiYA (after Dr. .John Torrey, one of the most 

 distinguished of the earlier American botanists: 1796- 

 1S73I. Syn., Tiimion, Caryotaxns. Conifera. Orna- 

 mental evergreen trees, with spreading, usually whorled 

 branches, clothed with yew-like, two-ranked, dark green 

 foliage; the fruits are drupe-like and about 1 in. long. 

 The Torreyas are but little known in cultivation and 

 rarely seen in a flourishing condition. The southern 



