INTRODUCTORY. VII 



Tlie charts and maps, as stated in the introductory notice to Part II, are derived 

 from Tables 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, and 22. Although the statistics of all these tables are 

 rendered easy of comprehension by the ratios given, yet a mental comparison of ab- 

 stract numbers is necessary; but the charts, which have been prepared in order that the 

 most interesting results of the pathological tables may be presented to the eye, show, 

 as a picture and at a glance, the relation between the different terms, conditions, or 

 elements of the comparison. An inspection will at once reveal the method adopted, 

 and the comments upon each chart or class of charts will direct the attention of the 

 reader to the interesting comparative results. 



It may be of interest to mention that, after the tables forming the secoud volume 

 had been stereotyped, the completion of an improved "calculating engine" seemed to 

 offer a desirable opportunity of testing the accm-acy of the work done. The machine 

 was accordingly obtained, and the entu'e series of ratios re-calculated by it. Although 

 this proceeding has necessarily produced considerable delay in publication, it is amply 

 compensated for by the satisfactory conviction that the figures referred to are indis- 

 putably correct. 



In the preparation of this work, I have been very materially aided by the profes- 

 sional and scientific attainments of the following gentlemen, who have been on duty in 

 my office, viz : J. 0. Stanton, M. D., late surgeon United States veteran volunteers ; 

 Robert Fletcher, M. D., late surgeon and brevet colonel United States volunteers; and 

 M. L. Baxter, M. D., late acting assistant surgeon United States Army. Mr. J. J. 

 Beardsley, also, as chief clerk, lias discharged the duties assigned to him with diligence 

 and discrimination. 



The accuracy, and consequent usefulness, of a Work like the present, which abounds 

 in teciinicalities and contains such a multitude of figures, depends, in no moderate 

 degree, upon the critical supervision and cultivated taste that may be exercised upon 

 it at the press. To the Superintendent of the Government Printing-Office, the Hon. 

 A. M. Clapp, I take pleasm-e in according the grateful acknowledgments which he has 

 so ably and coiuteously earned. I have also to thank his skillful assistant, Mr. H. T. 

 Brian, Foreman of Printing, for the unwearied vigilance and intelligent scrutiny with 

 which he has aided in the production of these pages, which, of themselves, bear wit- 

 ness to the justice of this commendation. 



The following comparative view of instructions, issued by different governments 

 for the guidance of the examining-surgeon, as also a history of the attempts at man- 

 measurement, with a bibliography of the subject, will, it is hoped, be found valuable, 

 not only in connection with the tables of this work, but to students of antlu-opology. 



