12 NOMENCLATUKE OP" DISEASES NAIIVITJES. 



The heading- clnr»i/c diarrlui'n includes some cases of chronic dysentery ; the two 

 diseases having- been g-eneralh" combined in the returns 



It will be observed that a certain number of cases of hernia are recorded without 

 specification of the variety. These form a part of the early returns before alluded to, 

 and are necessarily included, although in an unsatisfactory form of description, in 

 order that the ratio of the total number of cases of hernia to the whole number of 

 men examine<l might remain unaflPected. 



External haemorrhoids were not admitted to be a cause for exemption, but internal 

 piles, if ulcerated and of long standing, disqualified. By the term hfemorrlioids, there- 

 fore, the latter are to be understood. 



Under the first draft, the medical iiistructions admitted varicocele and iu continence, 

 of urine as disqualifications for service ; under succeeding drafts, these disorders were 

 not allowed to exempt. Their relation, thei-efore, to the whole number of men exam- 

 ined must be considered as below the coiTect ratio. 



Bj stricture of the urethra must be understood severe or inveterate cases Recent 

 or spasmodic stricture did not exempt. 



The cases of epispadia or hjipospudia are altogether those in which the opening of 

 the urethra Avas at the middle of the penis, or still nearer its root. 



No definite measurements were established under the instructions of the Bureau 

 as the minima of gii-th of chest or of stature, but these points were left to the judgment 

 of the medical officer. It may be stated that as a general rule men of less circumfer- 

 ence of chest than thirty inches, or of less height than sixty-two inches, were I'ejected. 

 The cases tabulated as under size comprise those of deficient stature. 



The age of drafted men, wliich delined tlieir liability to service, was always 

 inc[uired into at the time of their enrollment. '^I'he columns headed ot)er age and under 

 age are made uj) entirely from the cases of recruits {volunteers') and substitutes. These 

 men, desirous of procuring admission into the service, in order to obtain bounty or 

 substitute-mone}', constantly endeavored to conceal the fact of their being either below 

 or beyond the limits of competent age. 



B}' loss of tlmmh, in the division of " Injuries and malformations of the upper 

 extremities," is to be understood the loss of one phalanx, or of the entire thumb of the 

 riglit hnnd. The loss of any two fingers of either hand, or of the first and second 

 phalanges of the fingers of the right hand, the permanent extension or permanent con- 

 traction of two fingers of the right hand, or adhesion of all the fingers of same, are 

 those only which are included in the group of defects or deformities of hand. 



In the next division, comprising " Injuries and malformations of lower extremi- 

 ties," the loss of great toe applies to that of either foot. By defects or deformities of foot 

 is meant chib-fodt or such other permanent defects or deformities of the feet as would 

 necessarily prevent marching. 



Some of the headings in the tables of disease may seem needlessly comprehensive 

 when compared with the cases following them, but it was thought best to adhere to 

 the wording of the classification selected as a standard. 



NATivrriES. — 'V\h' nntiv ities rc-presented in this woi-k ai'e twentv-four in luunbcr ; 

 three of these, however, are the distinct races existing in the United States, namelv. 



