16 MR. fat's adrress. 



first year is in grain the second, the third in grass, the fourth in 

 grain again, and then goes back to roots, which is the fallow crop ; 

 the land then being deeply ploughed and brought to its highest 

 condition, and the bulk of the manure of the farm applied to it. 

 Where the land is not sufficiently strong to bear such repeated 

 croppings, the same course is pursued with this difference, that the 

 land is allowed to remain longer in grass, which if properly managed, 

 rests it and prepares it again for another course of tillage. Instead 

 of a four years' rotation it may thus be extended to any number of 

 years, which is equivalent to having less breadth of land under the 

 plough. 



To adapt this or any other system to our farms, we should bo 

 forced to extend the time of the rotation very considerably, and to 

 substitute in most cases, maize for wheat. This would be an ad- 

 vantage to the land, however, because maize has several of the 

 properties of a summer fallow, being a crop requiring careful culture 

 and a plentiful supply of manure. We can therefore lengthen our 

 rotation without injury and probably with profit, if we divide the 

 time the land is to remain in grass, by cultivating on the same 

 portion at the widest intervals, the roots and the maize. In pur- 

 suing some such a system as this, we should probably receive the 

 largest return for our manure, and keep our land in a good state of 

 fertility.* 



The establishment of regular markets or Fair days through the 

 county, at the most accessible points, would be a very great 



*The mildest rotation that can be established as the practical result of these 

 remarks, would be a ten years' course, which would be based upon the cultivation of 

 one tenth of the farm in roots, one fifth or two tenths in rye, oats or barley, one 

 tenth in maize, and six tenths in grass. Under this course, each tenth would be 

 successively cultivated as follows : 



