126 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. [Pub. Doc. 



Yorker," coming from a subscriber in this State, as to what 

 were the best tools to use in the cultivation of raspberries 

 and blackberries, I have thought that perhaps it would be 

 proper to state what tools I use and have found best suited 

 for the work in growing fruit. 



A few days ago there came to me a notice of a proposed 

 publication entitled " Fifty years' improvements in farm- 

 ing," and my memory recalled the wrestling feats I and the 

 old plough had more than fifty years ago ; and as I look 

 adown the years and see the changes wrought, sometimes 

 for the better and sometimes not, I see the soft iron changed 

 to adamant and that supplemented by the steel, and last 

 with wheels and pole man sits astride with power to hold 

 and guide. 



After using all the other kinds of ploughs, I have been 

 obliged to buy and use a reversible sulky plough in order to 

 have the work done as I wanted it done, in order to lay 

 the foundation for the after-culture that I consider neces- 

 sary. This plough, when properly used, takes precedence 

 of any and all other tools. With this plough I can loosen 

 the soil to the depth of twelve inches or more, and, if in 

 proper condition, pulverize it as no other plough can. It 

 lifts the furrow and turns it from the mould board, the 

 under edge of which pulverizes the surface as no other 

 plough can. It avoids making dead furrows and the tramp- 

 ing of the ploughed ground in turning. I hesitate to tell 

 you what I have seen it do. My son was ploughing corn 

 stubble for setting black caps. I took measurements of 

 depth of furrow, which was twelve inches. This same fur- 

 row, when left by the plough, was eighteen inches in depth. 

 One great advantage in its use is that, whether the ground 

 be mellow or hard, it cuts an even depth of furrow, and, 

 being very high under the beam, it does not clog in turning 

 under strawy manure or green crops. I use with this 

 plough fourteen-inch rolling steel coulters. 



The next implement in order is the Cutaway harrow. 

 This will cut and turn the soil from four to six inches in 

 depth, and, unlike any other harrow, it covers M?itZer instead 

 of bringing to the surface coarse material, I next use a sec- 



