234 BOARD OF AGEICULTURE. [Pub. Doc. 



shoots as they come up in the spring ; for it is better to have 

 a surplus of canes to cut out at the fall or winter pruning 

 than to have the land only partly stocked with canes. 



Pimning. 

 The pruning the red raspberry requires for the best results 

 is the pinching off the ends of the canes during the summer 

 as soon as they are two and one-half feet high, which causes 

 a branching, tree-like growth. The fruiting canes are also 

 to be cut out as soon as the fruit has been gathered, and the 

 laterals of the new growth to be headed in at any time after 

 the leaves drop in the tall or before the beginning of growth 

 in the spring. All very small canes should be cut out, as 

 they produce only small fruit, and this being near the ground 

 is so injured by dirt as to be of no value. The fruit also on 

 the large canes is benefited by this thinning. When the 

 pruning is completed, the strong canes should stand from 

 six to eight inches apart, and the greater the number of these 

 strong canes the larger will be the crop. 



Renewing the Plantation. 

 Perhaps no fruit sooner exhausts the soil or the soil con- 

 ditions under which it is profitably grown than the raspberry. 

 The roots and suckers permeate the soil in all directions and 

 after a few years the plantation must be renewed, or an in- 

 creasing amount of plant food be applied. Six to ten years 

 is about the limit of profitable growth in one place, when a 

 new plantation should be started on fresh soil. 



Varieties. 



There are but very few varieties of the red raspberry that 



can be successfully grown under the average conditions and 



care. Of these, the Miller, Cuthbert, Loudon and Golden 



Queen will give the greatest satisfaction for home use or 



market. 



Insects and Fungous Pests. 



There are no insects that are seriously injurious to the 

 raspberry under ordinary conditions, but a fungous known 

 as the leaf blig-ht often causes serious damage. This disease 

 first appears as small, reddish spots, which soon increase in 



