502 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. [Pub. Doc. 



sunlight, drainage and dryness in and around the farm 

 buildings. 



In building new barns, many progressive farmers have 

 adopted the idea of using the old barn for storage purposes, 

 and stabling the cattle in a one-story building or shed 

 adjoining. This arrangement admits of many advantages ; 

 it is more easily ventilated and lighted, it has no cellar, the 

 hay and food is not contaminated with the odor from the 

 cattle, and it is an economical form of construction and can 

 be erected at comparatively little cost. 



Among the more expensive examples of this form of con- 

 struction may be mentioned the cattle barn at the Lyman 

 School for Boys, at Westborough. The cow stable at the 

 Millwood Farm, Framingham, is another good example of 

 this form of barn. It is unusually well lighted and venti- 

 lated, and simple in design and construction. 



In making calculations as to the amount of cubic space 

 required for each animal, we should remember that each cow 

 uses approximately 1,000 cubic feet of air per hour. Now 

 of course, if the barn admits of each cow having 1,000 cubic 

 feet of air space, then the air in the barn will need to be 

 renewed each hour ; and of course, if the air space provided 

 is less, then correspondingly the supply of fresh air will 

 need to be more frequent ; but where the cubic space is 

 greater, the supply may be less frequent. The problem, 

 then, is to carry away the foul, impure air, and to supply 

 each animal with 1,000 cubic feet of fresh air each hour in 

 such a manner as not to cause a drauo-ht on the animals. 

 To do this, the air must not be admitted in bulk, nor must 

 it move at a greater speed than 3 feet per second, — in fact, 

 the slower and more imperceptibly it moves into the barn, 

 the less draught will there be. 



Many farmers attempt to admit fresh air by keeping door 

 or windows open ; the result is that a body of cold air finds 

 its way in and falls directly on the back of the cattle ; the 

 cattle stand and shiver, and curl up, look miserable, and fall 

 oflf in their milk ; and the farmer is discouraged, and makes 

 up his mind that fresh, cool air does no good to the cattle, 

 but rather does harm, and he won't admit any more than he 

 can help. To prevent such a condition of affairs, and to 



