No. 4.] CATTLE COMMISSIONERS. 537 



udder, which was hard and nodulated to the touch. The 

 cow was tested and condemned, and on autopsy was shown 

 to have tuberculosis of the lung and bronchial gland ; cult- 

 ures from this gland were later used by Prof. Theobold Smith 

 in some experiments with tuberculosis. The udder proved 

 to be infiltrated with small nodules with yellow centres, 

 which proved later to be actinomycosis. 



The third case occurred at Amesbury, and was very sim- 

 ilar to the second, the cow being condemned on physical 

 examination because of the condition of the udder. The 

 cow was free from disease except in this organ, and on sec- 

 tion it was found to be studded with small minute nodules 

 with yellow centres, not so well marked, however, as in the 

 second case. 



In both these cases, on a superficial cursory examination, 

 this condition might easily have been mistaken for tuber- 

 culosis ; but on closer inspection it was noticed that the yel- 

 lowish centres were imbedded in a well-marked band of 

 fibroid tissue. In tuberculosis small-celled proliferation 

 with a tendency to caseation is more marked ; while in acti- 

 nomycosis there is usually more of a tendency to circum- 

 scribed fibrous changes, with sometimes a honeycombed 

 structure containing small yellowish granular masses, which 

 may often be squeezed out by the thumb nail. 



In all three of these cases the udder seemed to be the 

 initial seat of the disease, the milk duct being the possible 

 source of infection. 



Actinomycosis is by no means a typical contagious dis- 

 ease, in that it is not usually conveyed from one animal 

 to another ; but an animal with actinomycosis of the udder 

 is by no means a fit animal for dairy purposes, and neither 

 should an animal with generalized actinomycosis be passed 

 as fit for beef. 



Glandees. 

 During the past 3'ear 485 horses have been reported to the 

 Board of Cattle Commissioners as suspected of being affected 

 with glanders, or farcy. At the time of compiling this re- 

 port, December 20, 402 had been killed, 81 had been exam- 

 ined and released and 2 were still in quarantine and under 

 observation. 



