No. 4.] FRUITS FOR LOCAL MARKETS. 59 



is tlie Climax, the Fairfield ; and for midsummer the old 

 Haviland, Glen Mary and Sample ; for middle late, the Mead ; 

 and the Stevens Late Champion for a very late. 



I didn't say anything about the soil. They will grow on 

 almost any soil, but a strong, deep, moist loam is best. 

 Keep them off the sand and gravel. They are grown on a 

 very stiff clay, but the profitable ones grow on good, strong 

 sandy loam. A very stift' clay is the least desirable, and 

 gravel ; these are the two things to avoid, but anything be- 

 tween them is good soil for strawberries. 



Raspberries, both red and black, need the very strongest 

 and best land you have on the farm, for profit. Land that 

 will grow your very best English grasses to perfection is 

 your best raspberry land ; land that will stock right over 

 with timothy, blue grass and red top and things of that kind 

 is perhaps the best. It pays to be liberal with the rasp- 

 berry, and it doesn't pay to plant them too closely. Sev- 

 enty-five per cent are planted too closel}^, sometimes in 

 hedge rows not more than 4 or 5 feet apart, and the plants 

 allowed to be grown too thickly. Another thing, — pinch- 

 ing them back, when they are 2^ to 3 feet, pinching off the 

 main stem, which causes a large number of side shoots, and 

 inclines the plant to be overloaded ; you get an overload of 

 small, inferior fruit. The finest results I have ever seen 

 have been brought about in two ways ; one is in hills not 

 nearer than 7 and sometimes 8 feet apart. Looks like a long- 

 distance, and is ; but if you give them a liberal degree of 

 culture, and give them 5 or 6 feet stake, you will then get 

 a great hill about 3 feet in diameter, with hardly enough 

 room to walk through, — providing they have been liberally 

 fed. On the Pacific coast and some sections of the middle 

 west and southern States, instead of putting in stakes, thev 

 are putting in posts perhaps 20 to 30 feet apart, and stretch- 

 ing one single wire about 5 feet high across, and when the 

 cane becomes tall enough they tie the tip of the cane to it. 

 If it goes further, it wants tying down a second time, one 

 cane about every 8 inches. The finest raspberries gi'ow out 

 near the end of the cane for there they get the light and air. 

 A great many times people want to cease cultivating their 



