No. 4.] SANITARY MILK. 91 



them in a more convenient place decreased the labor cost of 

 the milk al)ont Jg of a cent per quart; a like change in the 

 location of the grain l)ins and installing a car for carrying 

 the feed reduced it i of a cent more. It does not amount 

 to much? Only $1.50 a day, or $270 for the winter. In 

 many stables installing a practical litter carrier will reduce 

 both the cost of production and the bacterial count. 



The poor cow seems to be continually with us. Get 

 rid of her, and reduce the cost of production. What is 

 a good cow worth? Figure it out for yourself to-night. 

 In New York State twelve years ago the average milk pro- 

 duction was only 3,000 pounds, and the average butter 

 production 127 pounds. In our institutes and other institu- 

 tions of agricultural instruction we began a systematic cam- 

 paign of education in "cowology." In season and out of 

 season we urged the necessity of better cows, better feed, 

 better breeds and better care. Every one in the work got 

 the habit. At one meeting a good old Scotch minister was 

 opening the meeting with prayer, and in the course of his 

 remarks fervently asked that those farmers in the locality 

 who had not yet been touched by the spirit of progression, 

 and who were still feeding their cows as Noah fed his, be im- 

 pressed with the necessity of education along these lines, and 

 that their hearts be moved to bring them out to hear the lec- 

 tures. Every one was interested. Cows were brought into 

 the meetings, and used instead of charts, to impress people 

 more particularly. Ten years later the returns show that, 

 owing largely to this campaign, our average cow in New 

 York was giving 4,600 pounds of milk, and could make 185 

 pounds of butter. If the average cow of twelve years ago 

 was worth $35, and she gave 3,000 pounds of milk, how 

 much was the average cow of two years ago worth, who was 

 giving 4,600 pounds of milk, and how nmch is the best cow 

 in your barn worth ? Figure it out, and write me a letter. 

 This is probably the most fertile field to work in reducing 

 the cost. Weighing the milk from each cow regularly, week 

 in and week out, and keeping an accurate record, is the 

 basis on which to work. 



Many of us can save large sums by being more careful in 



